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La carga tributaria sobre los ingresos laborales y de capital en Colombia: el caso del impuesto sobre la renta y el IVA

Author

Listed:
  • Jorge Armando Rodríguez
  • Javier �vila Mahecha

Abstract

En este artículo se estima el tamano y la incidencia de la carga tributaria sobre los trabajadores y los propietarios de capital en Colombia durante el periodo 2000-2014. La carga tributaria se determina mediante tarifas efectivas agregadas, que relacionan el recaudo, en este caso del impuesto sobre la renta y el IVA, con la capacidad de pago de trabajadores y propietarios. Los resultados indican que durante casi todo el periodo de análisis los ingresos laborales soportaron una tarifa efectiva superior a la que recayó sobre los ingresos de capital, aunque la brecha ha tendido a cerrarse. Por lo general, el efecto redistributivo habría sido contraproducente para propósitos de equidad (en una ocasión, nimio). El ejercicio sugiere que para mejorar la distribución de la carga tributaria es más importante prestar atención a la capacidad gravable de los contribuyentes, antes que dar trato desigual a las fuentes factoriales de ingreso. ****** This paper estimates the size and incidence of the tax burden on workers and owners of capital in Colombia during the period 2000-2014. The tax burden is measured by aggregate effective rates, which relate tax revenue, in this case from the income tax and the VAT, to the workers’ and owners’ ability to pay. The results indicate that, for most of the period of analysis, labor income bore a higher effective rate than capital income, although the gap has tended to close. Generally, the redistributive effect would have been counterproductive for equity purposes (on one occasion, insignificant). The exercise suggests that in order to improve the distribution of the tax burden, it is more important to pay attention to the taxpayers’ ability to pay, rather than giving unequal treatment to the factorial sources of income.

Suggested Citation

  • Jorge Armando Rodríguez & Javier �vila Mahecha, 2016. "La carga tributaria sobre los ingresos laborales y de capital en Colombia: el caso del impuesto sobre la renta y el IVA," Documentos de Trabajo, Escuela de Economía 15052, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000178:015052
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    File URL: http://www.fce.unal.edu.co/centro-editorial/docs/escuela-de-economia/75-la-carga-tributaria-sobre-los-ingresos-laborales-y-de-capital-en-colombia-el-caso-del-impuesto-sobre-la-renta-y-el-iva
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    Cited by:

    1. is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Hernán Rincón-Castro & Juan Pablo Ángel-Mojica, 2023. "¿Sobre quién recaería la carga de reducir el impuesto sobre la renta de las empresas?," Borradores de Economia 1260, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • D33 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Factor Income Distribution
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • H2 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
    • H22 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Incidence
    • K34 - Law and Economics - - Other Substantive Areas of Law - - - Tax Law
    • M41 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Accounting - - - Accounting

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