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Eficiencia y resiliencia: el dilema de los productores agropecuarios en Colombia

Author

Listed:
  • María Paula Basto Lozano
  • Óscar David Botero Ramírez

Abstract

Este texto realiza un análisis de la eficiencia del sector agropecuario en Colombia, con miras a la formulación de política pública. Partiendo del supuesto atraso que enfrentan trabajadores y pequenos propietarios rurales, especialmente campesinos, se busca medir la eficiencia y comparar diferentes tipos de unidades productivas en tal aspecto. Para ello, se utilizará la metodología de frontera estocástica (SFA) con datos de la Encuesta de Calidad de Vida (ECV) de 2011. Los resultados indican que a medida que se usan más insumos de producción, no aumenta la eficiencia. Además, se encontró que en tanto que crece el tamano de la unidad productiva, sube su eficiencia en el uso de los recursos. También se halló que la lejanía al mercado mayorista más cercano explica parte de la ineficiencia. Finalmente, se presenta una crítica a las metodologías y fundamentos teóricos utilizadas para caracterizar a productores de pequena escala en Colombia. Estas observaciones se realizan en aras de abogar por el empleo de medidas menos sesgadas, que den cuenta de los entornos cambiantes de las unidades en análisis. *** This text assesses Colombian crop and livestock efficiency, looking forward to promoting the formulation of public policy for this sector. Since smallholders and agricultural laborers, specially peasants, are seen as underdeveloped, producers in different types of geographic and size conditions are compared, by using Stochastic Metafrontier techniques (SFA) and data from the 2011 Quality of life Survey (ECV). Results indicate that as more production inputs are used, efficiency does not increase. In addition, it was found that as the size of production units grows, these units tend to employ resources more efficiently. Moreover, the greater the distance from the nearest wholesale market, the more inefficient units are. Finally, a critique of the methodologies and theoretical foundations used to characterize small-scale producers in Colombia is presented. This approach attempts to promote the use of less biased efficiency measures, that is, to account for the changing environments the units under analysis affront.

Suggested Citation

  • María Paula Basto Lozano & Óscar David Botero Ramírez, 2020. "Eficiencia y resiliencia: el dilema de los productores agropecuarios en Colombia," Econógrafos, Escuela de Economía 18445, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000176:018445
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    File URL: http://fce.unal.edu.co/centro-editorial/docs/econografos-escuela-economia/154-eficiencia-y-resiliencia-el-dilema-de-los-productores-agropecuarios-en-colombia
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    eficiencia agropecuaria; política pública; análisis de Frontera estocástica; campesinado;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H00 - Public Economics - - General - - - General
    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General
    • Q12 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy

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