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Cartagena de Indias y su tierra adentro a fines del siglo XVIII: Un análisis demográfico

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  • Adolfo Meisel Roca

Abstract

La huella profunda del legado colonial, en términos del enorme desbalance en desarrollo material entre las ciudades portuarias del Caribe colombiano (Cartagena, Santa Marta, Mompox), ha sido una constante de la vida republicana de la región. Ello se ha manifestado en: 1) la extrema pobreza rural, 2) la persistencia de un alto grado de urbanización y 3) las enormes desigualdades en ingresos y riqueza al interior de las zonas rurales. La gran paradoja del Caribe neogranadino a fines del siglo XVIII es que sus principales ciudades, Cartagena y Mompox, estaban dentro de las más dinámicas y prósperas a pesar de que la población de las zonas rurales era muy escasa y dispersa, y la mayoría vivía en condiciones miserables y por fuera de los ámbitos de poder colonial, como el de la Iglesia Católica. Este trabajo analiza esa escasa integración entre el Caribe urbano y el mundo rural haciendo uso de la información demográfica recolectada hacia 1777 en el Virreinato de Nueva Granada. ******ABSTRACT: The long term impact of the colonial legacy in terms of the imbalance in the levels of economic development between the port cities (Cartagena, Santa Marta, Mompox) has been a been evident in the Colombian Caribbean. This legacy has had an influence on: 1) the extreme levels of rural poverty, 2) the persistence of high levels of urbanization, and 3) the enormous disparities in levels of income and wealth within the rural sector. The tragic paradox of the Caribbean region of the Viceroyalty of New Granada at the end of the eighteenth century was that although its main cities were among the most dynamic and prosperous in the viceroyalty, as was evident in its public and private architecture, the population of the rural areas was very small, widely dispersed, the mayority lived in miserable conditions, and away from the control of the colonial authorities and the Catholic Church. The limited integration between the urban and rural Caribbean is analyzed in this paper using information of the population census collected around 1777 by the Spanish Crown.

Suggested Citation

  • Adolfo Meisel Roca, 2016. "Cartagena de Indias y su tierra adentro a fines del siglo XVIII: Un análisis demográfico," Cuadernos de Historia Económica 15218, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000101:015218
    DOI: 10.32468/chee.42
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    1. Meisel Roca Adolfo, 1980. "Esclavitud, mestizaje y haciendas en la provincia Cartagena: 1533 - 1851," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes,Facultad de Economía, CEDE, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Adolfo Meisel Roca, 2017. "Una historiografía en expansión: los estudios sobre historia económica del Caribe colombiano, 1997-2017," Cuadernos de Historia Económica 15768, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Caribe colombiano; demografía; urbanización; zonas rurales;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N36 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • N76 - Economic History - - Economic History: Transport, International and Domestic Trade, Energy, and Other Services - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure

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