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What do premiums paid for bank M&As reflect? The case of the European Union

Author

Listed:
  • Jens Hagendorff

    (University of Leeds)

  • Ignacio Hernando

    (Banco de España)

  • María J. Nieto

    (Banco de España)

  • Larry D. Wall

    (Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta)

Abstract

We analyze the takeover premiums paid for a sample of European bank mergers between 1997 and 2007. We find that acquiring banks value profitable, high-growth and low risk targets. We also find that the strength of bank regulation and supervision as well as deposit insurance regimes in Europe have measurable effects on takeover pricing. Stricter bank regulatory regimes and stronger deposit insurance schemes lower the takeover premiums paid by acquiring banks. This result, presumably in anticipation of higher compliance costs, is mainly driven by domestic deals. Also, we find no conclusive evidence that bidders seek to extract benefits from regulators either by paying a premium for deals in less regulated regimes or by becoming "too big to fail".

Suggested Citation

  • Jens Hagendorff & Ignacio Hernando & María J. Nieto & Larry D. Wall, 2010. "What do premiums paid for bank M&As reflect? The case of the European Union," Working Papers 1011, Banco de España.
    • Handle: RePEc:bde:wpaper:1011
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    File URL: http://www.bde.es/f/webbde/SES/Secciones/Publicaciones/PublicacionesSeriadas/DocumentosTrabajo/10/Fic/dt1011e.pdf
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    Cited by:

    1. Perafán-Peña, Héctor Fabio & Gill-de-Albornoz, Belén & Giner, Begoña, 2022. "Earnings management of target firms and deal premiums: The role of industry relatedness," The British Accounting Review, Elsevier, vol. 54(2).
    2. George Kyriazopoulos & Evangelos Drymbetas, 2015. "Long-term Performance of Acquirers Involved in Domestic Bank Ms&As in Europe," International Journal of Financial Research, International Journal of Financial Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 6(1), pages 56-67, January.
    3. Mittal, Amit & Garg, Ajay Kumar, 2017. "Private information implications for acquirers and targets in horizontal mergers," MPRA Paper 85355, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Leledakis, George N. & Pyrgiotakis, Emmanouil G., 2019. "Market concentration and bank M&As: Evidence from the European sovereign debt crisis," MPRA Paper 95739, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Sascha Kolaric & Florian Kiesel & Dirk Schiereck, 2025. "Banking market consolidation in Asia: Evidence from acquirers, targets, and rivals," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(3), pages 2215-2239, July.
    6. Phil Molyneux & Klaus Schaeck & Tim Zhou, 2011. "‘Too Systemically Important to Fail’ in Banking," Working Papers 11011, Bangor Business School, Prifysgol Bangor University (Cymru / Wales).
    7. Canan Yildirim & Mouloud Tensaout & Veronika Belousova, 2023. "Cross-border mergers and acquisitions by emerging country banks: What do acquisition premiums tell us?," Post-Print hal-04224961, HAL.
    8. Bozos, Konstantinos & Ratnaike, Yasanji C. & Alsharairi, Malek, 2014. "How has the international harmonization of financial reporting standards affected merger premiums within the European Union?," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 48-60.
    9. Jens Hagendorff & Maria J. Nieto & Larry D. Wall, 2012. "The safety and soundness effects of bank M&A in the EU," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 2012-13, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    10. Ralph Sonenshine & Evan Kraft, 2015. "What Motivates Banks and Other Financial Services Firms to Merge? An Empirical Analysis of Economic and Institutional Factors," Review of Economics & Finance, Better Advances Press, Canada, vol. 5, pages 66-82, August.
    11. John S. Howe & Thibaut G. Morillon, 2017. "Do Mergers and Acquisitions Affect Information Asymmetry in the Banking Sector?," NFI Working Papers 2017-WP-01, Indiana State University, Scott College of Business, Networks Financial Institute.
    12. Jens Hagendorff & Maria J. Nieto, 2015. "The Safety and Soundness Effects of Bank M&A in the EU: Does Prudential Regulation Have any Impact?," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 21(3), pages 462-490, June.
    13. Caiazza, Stefano & Clare, Andrew & Pozzolo, Alberto Franco, 2012. "What do bank acquirers want? Evidence from worldwide bank M&A targets," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(9), pages 2641-2659.
    14. Molyneux, Philip & Schaeck, Klaus & Zhou, Tim Mi, 2014. "‘Too systemically important to fail’ in banking – Evidence from bank mergers and acquisitions," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(PB), pages 258-282.
    15. Stefano Caiazza & Alberto Franco Pozzolo & Giovanni Trovato, 2014. "Do domestic and cross-border M&As differ? Cross-country evidence from the banking sector," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(14), pages 967-981, July.
    16. Chung-Hua Shen & Yehning Chen & Hsing-Hua Hsu & Chih-Yung Lin, 2020. "Banking Crises and Market Timing: Evidence from M&As in the Banking Sector," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 57(3), pages 315-347, June.
    17. Ishak Ramli, 2015. "Forced Bank Mergers and SME Financing," International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration, Inovatus Services Ltd., vol. 1(8), pages 30-36, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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