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Interdependence between Fiscal and Monetary Policy: the case for Costa Rica

Author

Listed:
  • Valerie Lankester-Campos

    (Department of Economic Research, Central Bank of Costa Rica)

  • Catalina Sandoval-Alvarado

    (Department of Economic Research, Central Bank of Costa Rica)

Abstract

We study whether fiscal policy affects monetary policy in Costa Rica during the period 1991- 2019. We use three different methodological approaches. First, we test for fiscal dominance by evaluating the relationship between the primary balance and public li abilities using a Vector Autoregression model. Second, we estimate the reaction function of the Central Bank to evaluate whether the primary deficit and public debt have a significant effect on the monetary policy interest rate. This is carried out using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model with error correction. We find that the Central Bank does not accommodate its actions to fiscal policy. Third, in order to evaluate the long-run relationship between inflation and the fiscal deficit, we also use an ARDL model with error correction. There is evidence that in the long run the fiscal deficit affects inflation, mainly in the 90s. ***Resumen: Este estudio analiza si la política fiscal afectó la política monetaria en Costa Rica en el periodo 1991-2019, bajo tres enfoques metodológicos. Primero, se realiza una prueba de dominancia fiscal que evalúa la relación entre el balance primario del Gobierno y los pasivos públicos mediante un modelo de vectores autorregresivos (VAR). Los resultados arrojan resultados mixtos que no permiten identificar claramente un régimen de dominancia fiscal. Segundo, se estima la función de reacción del Banco Central para analizar si el déficit primario y la deuda pública tienen un efecto significativo sobre la tasa de política monetaria. Esto se lleva a cabo mediante un modelo de rezagos distribuidos autorregresivos (ARDL) con corrección de errores que permite estimar la relación de largo plazo. Se encontró evidencia de que la tasa de política monetaria reacciona positivamente al crecimiento de la deuda en el largo plazo, pero no al déficit fiscal. Esto sugiere que el Banco Central no considera las acciones de la política fiscal en su función de reacción. Por último, utilizando también un modelo ARDL con corrección de errores, se evalúa la relación de largo plazo entre inflación y déficit fiscal. Hay evidencia de que en el largo plazo el déficit fiscal influye sobre el resultado inflacionario, principalmente en los 90s. En conjunto, estos resultados sugieren que la política fiscal no afectó la política monetaria, excepto en la década de 90.

Suggested Citation

  • Valerie Lankester-Campos & Catalina Sandoval-Alvarado, 2021. "Interdependence between Fiscal and Monetary Policy: the case for Costa Rica," Documentos de Trabajo 2105, Banco Central de Costa Rica.
  • Handle: RePEc:apk:doctra:2105
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    JEL classification:

    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E61 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination
    • H62 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - Deficit; Surplus

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