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Cognitive reflection and 2D:4D: Evidence from a large population sample

Author

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  • Neyse, Levent
  • Fossen, Frank M.
  • Johannesson, Magnus
  • Dreber, Anna

Abstract

Bosch-Domènech et al. (2014) reported a negative association between 2D:4D, a suggested marker of prenatal testosterone exposure, and the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) in a sample of 623 university students. In this pre-registered study, we test if we can replicate their findings in a general population sample of over 2,500 individuals from Germany. We find no statistically significant association between 2D:4D and the CRT in any of our primary hypothesis tests, or in any of our pre-registered exploratory analyses and robustness tests. The evidence is strong (based on the 99.5% confidence intervals in all three primary hypothesis tests) against effect sizes in the hypothesized direction larger than 0.075 CRT units (0.073 of the CRT standard deviation) for a one standard deviation change in 2D:4D.

Suggested Citation

  • Neyse, Levent & Fossen, Frank M. & Johannesson, Magnus & Dreber, Anna, 2023. "Cognitive reflection and 2D:4D: Evidence from a large population sample," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 209, pages 288-307.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:espost:333208
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2023.03.020
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    2. Frank M. Fossen & Levent Neyse, 2024. "Entrepreneurship, Management, and Cognitive Reflection: A Preregistered Replication Study With Extensions," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 48(4), pages 1082-1109, July.
    3. Frank M. Fossen & Levent Neyse & Carsten Schröder, 2025. "Does Cognitive Reflection Relate to Preferences and Socioeconomic Outcomes?," Journal of Political Economy Microeconomics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 3(2), pages 303-343.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • D87 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Neuroeconomics
    • D9 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics

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