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Comparative Probabilistic Assessment of Occupational Pesticide Exposures Based on Regulatory Assessments

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  • Jane G. Pouzou
  • Alison C. Cullen
  • Michael G. Yost
  • John C. Kissel
  • Richard A. Fenske

Abstract

Implementation of probabilistic analyses in exposure assessment can provide valuable insight into the risks of those at the extremes of population distributions, including more vulnerable or sensitive subgroups. Incorporation of these analyses into current regulatory methods for occupational pesticide exposure is enabled by the exposure data sets and associated data currently used in the risk assessment approach of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Monte Carlo simulations were performed on exposure measurements from the Agricultural Handler Exposure Database and the Pesticide Handler Exposure Database along with data from the Exposure Factors Handbook and other sources to calculate exposure rates for three different neurotoxic compounds (azinphos methyl, acetamiprid, emamectin benzoate) across four pesticide‐handling scenarios. Probabilistic estimates of doses were compared with the no observable effect levels used in the EPA occupational risk assessments. Some percentage of workers were predicted to exceed the level of concern for all three compounds: 54% for azinphos methyl, 5% for acetamiprid, and 20% for emamectin benzoate. This finding has implications for pesticide risk assessment and offers an alternative procedure that may be more protective of those at the extremes of exposure than the current approach.

Suggested Citation

  • Jane G. Pouzou & Alison C. Cullen & Michael G. Yost & John C. Kissel & Richard A. Fenske, 2018. "Comparative Probabilistic Assessment of Occupational Pesticide Exposures Based on Regulatory Assessments," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 38(6), pages 1223-1238, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:38:y:2018:i:6:p:1223-1238
    DOI: 10.1111/risa.12936
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dung Tri Phung & Des Connell & Qiming Yu & Cordia Chu, 2013. "Health Risk Characterization of Chlorpyrifos Using Epidemiological Dose‐Response Data and Probabilistic Techniques: A Case Study with Rice Farmers in Vietnam," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 33(9), pages 1596-1607, September.
    2. J. S. Evans & L. R. Rhomberg & P. L. Williams & A. M. Wilson & S. J. S. Baird, 2001. "Reproductive and Developmental Risks from Ethylene Oxide: A Probabilistic Characterization of Possible Regulatory Thresholds," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(4), pages 697-718, August.
    3. Alison C. Cullen, 1994. "Measures of Compounding Conservatism in Probabilistic Risk Assessment," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 14(4), pages 389-393, August.
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