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Holocene pore‐ice δ18O and δ2H records from drained thermokarst lake basins in the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada

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  • Sasiri Bandara
  • Duane Froese
  • Trevor J. Porter
  • Fabrice Calmels

Abstract

Thermokarst lakes form following the thaw of ice‐rich permafrost and drain after a few decades to millennia. Drained thermokarst lake basins (DTLBs) become epicenters for peat accumulation and re‐aggradation of ice‐rich permafrost. This re‐aggradation of permafrost may be interrupted by subsequent thermokarst lake formation with sufficient disturbance. Thermokarst lakes and DTLBs are abundant near Old Crow, Yukon, Canada, but little is known about their evolution through the Holocene. In this study, we investigate the hydrology and drainage histories of seven DTLBs from the Old Crow Flats on the basis of cryostratigraphy, radiocarbon dating, and pore‐ice δ18O and δ2H records. Cryostratigraphic evidence implies only one of the seven studied DTLBs underwent multiple thermokarst cycles. Radiocarbon age–depth models demonstrate a slowdown in the rate of post‐drainage peat accumulation with time. Pore‐ice isotope analyses reveal a spectrum of possible post‐drainage isotopic histories resulting from spatial variability in permafrost, vegetation, and hydrology. Unlike lacustrine silt, post‐drainage peat contains relatively constant pore‐ice isotope trends. In light of our findings, we propose that syngenetic peat permafrost in DTLBs preserve a warm‐season sampling of local meteoric waters. These pore‐ice δ18O and δ2H records may aid millennial‐scale paleoclimate investigations, as we demonstrate through our reconstruction of Holocene climate change in northern Yukon.

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  • Sasiri Bandara & Duane Froese & Trevor J. Porter & Fabrice Calmels, 2020. "Holocene pore‐ice δ18O and δ2H records from drained thermokarst lake basins in the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(4), pages 497-508, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:31:y:2020:i:4:p:497-508
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.2073
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. M. M. Côté & C. R. Burn, 2002. "The oriented lakes of Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula, Western Arctic Coast, Canada: a GIS‐based analysis," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 13(1), pages 61-70, March.
    2. Sharon L. Smith & Stephen A. Wolfe & Daniel W. Riseborough & F. Mark Nixon, 2009. "Active‐layer characteristics and summer climatic indices, Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories, Canada," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 20(2), pages 201-220, April.
    3. T. E. Osterkamp & V. E. Romanovsky, 1997. "Freezing of the Active Layer on the Coastal Plain of the Alaskan Arctic," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 8(1), pages 23-44, January.
    4. V. E. Romanovsky & T. E. Osterkamp, 1997. "Thawing of the Active Layer on the Coastal Plain of the Alaskan Arctic," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 8(1), pages 1-22, January.
    5. Thomas Opel & Hanno Meyer & Sebastian Wetterich & Thomas Laepple & Alexander Dereviagin & Julian Murton, 2018. "Ice wedges as archives of winter paleoclimate: A review," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 29(3), pages 199-209, July.
    6. Fabrice Calmels & Olivier Gagnon & Michel Allard, 2005. "A portable earth‐drill system for permafrost studies," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(3), pages 311-315, July.
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