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Pricing and Mispricing of Accounting Fundamentals in the Time†Series and in the Cross Section

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  • D. Craig Nichols
  • James M. Wahlen
  • Matthew M. Wieland

Abstract

This study examines the extent to which parsimonious and general cross†sectional valuation models, restricted to include only publicly available historical accounting information, explain share prices in the cross section, identify periods when market mispricing may be more pervasive, and also identify which shares within those cross sections are more likely to be mispriced. Our model simply includes historical book value, earnings, dividends, and growth, but it explains on average over 60 percent of the cross†sectional variation in share prices in annual estimations across 1975–2011. We also examine the extent to which the residuals indicate mispricing. The quintile of stocks picked by our model as most likely underpriced outperform the quintile of stocks picked as most likely overpriced by an average of 9.9 percent over the following 12 months, after controlling for size. We also predict and find that value residuals are better predictors of future abnormal returns: (i) among firms that are not covered by analysts; (ii) among firms that face fewer accounting measurement challenges; and (iii) when we estimate value model parameters by industry/year. We also predict and find our approach works better in periods when the mapping of fundamentals into prices is weaker. This study contributes a novel and straightforward approach to map accounting fundamentals into share prices in order to identify mispricing in time†series and in the cross section.Les auteurs étudient la mesure dans laquelle les modèles d'évaluation transversaux parcimonieux et généraux ne faisant intervenir que l'information comptable historique publiée expliquent le cours des titres dans l'échantillon qu'ils analysent, établissent quelles sont les périodes dans lesquelles les erreurs d'évaluation du marché peuvent être plus généralisées, et déterminent également quels titres, dans les coupes transversales, sont plus exposés aux erreurs d'évaluation. Le modèle des auteurs fait intervenir simplement les valeurs comptables d'origine, les résultats, les dividendes et la croissance, mais il explique en moyenne plus de 60 pour cent de la variation transversale du cours des titres dans les estimations annuelles de la période 1975–2011. Les auteurs se demandent également dans quelle mesure les valeurs résiduelles révèlent des erreurs d'évaluation. Les rendements du quintile des titres choisis, selon leur modèle, comme étant les plus susceptibles d'être sous†évalués excèdent de 9,9 pour cent, en moyenne, les rendements du quintile des titres choisis comme étant les plus susceptibles d'être surévalués, au cours des 12 mois suivant l'estimation du modèle, une fois contrôlée la taille. Les auteurs prévoient, et constatent également, que les valeurs résiduelles sont de meilleurs indicateurs des rendements futurs anormaux i) parmi les sociétés qui ne retiennent pas l'attention des analystes, ii) parmi celles pour qui l'évaluation comptable présente moins de difficultés et iii) lorsque les auteurs estiment les paramètres du modèle de la valeur selon le secteur et l'année. Conformément à leur hypothèse, les auteurs constatent aussi la supériorité de leur méthode dans les périodes où l'établissement de la correspondance entre les paramètres fondamentaux et les cours est moins convaincante. Les auteurs proposent donc une méthode inédite et simple pour établir la correspondance entre les paramètres comptables fondamentaux et le cours des titres afin de pouvoir dépister les erreurs d'évaluation dans les séries chronologiques et les coupes transversales.

Suggested Citation

  • D. Craig Nichols & James M. Wahlen & Matthew M. Wieland, 2017. "Pricing and Mispricing of Accounting Fundamentals in the Time†Series and in the Cross Section," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 34(3), pages 1378-1417, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:34:y:2017:i:3:p:1378-1417
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3846.12317
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    Cited by:

    1. Sami Keskek & James N. Myers & Linda A. Myers, 2020. "Investors' Misweighting of Firm‐Level Information and the Market's Expectations of Earnings," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 37(3), pages 1828-1853, September.
    2. Edward J. Riedl & Estelle Y. Sun & Guannan Wang, 2021. "Sentiment, Loss Firms, and Investor Expectations of Future Earnings," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 38(1), pages 518-544, March.
    3. Walkshäusl, Christian, 2021. "Predicting stock returns from the pricing and mispricing of accounting fundamentals," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 253-260.

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