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International Accounting Differences and Their Relation to Share Prices: Evidence from U.K., Australian, and Canadian Firms

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  • MARY E. BARTH
  • GREG CLINCH

Abstract

. We synthesize and extend research exploring differences between U.S. and other countries' Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) by investigating whether differences between domestic and U.S. GAAP for U.S.†listed U.K., Australian, and Canadian firms are associated with firms' returns and prices. The accounting differences we investigate include goodwill, asset revaluations, income taxes, pensions, interest capitalization, foreign currency, and extractive industries accounting. We conclude that goodwill is priced as an asset; that asset revaluations, successful efforts accounting for extractive industries, and immediate recognition of foreign currency exchange gains and losses on long†term assets and liabilities are generally uncorrected with the information that investors consider relevant; that U.K., U.S., and Australian tax accounting methods do not recognize ‘enough’ tax expense or liability; and that accrual pension accounting and, in some specifications, interest capitalization add explanatory power beyond Australia's cash†based method. Our findings suggest that the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's (SEC's) required GAAP reconciliation reflects information useful to investors for U.K. and Australian firms, and to a more limited extent, for Canadian firms. Résumé. Les auteurs font la synthèse des travaux actuels portant sur l'analyse des différences entre les PCGR des États†Unis et ceux des autres pays; ils poussent plus loin les recherches en s'interrogeant sur la relation possible entre les différences des PCGR de divers pays par rapport à ceux des États†Unis, d'une part, et le rendement et le cours des actions d'entreprises du Royaume†Uni, de l'Australie et du Canada, inscrites en bourse aux États†Unis. Les différences comptables qu'ils étudient ont trait, entre autres, à l'achalandage, aux réévaluations de l'actif, aux impôts sur le bénéfice, aux régimes de retraite, à la capitalisation des intérêts, aux devises et aux méthodes comptables de l'industrie minière. Les auteurs concluent que l'on traite l'achalandage à titre d'élément d'actif; les réévaluations de l'actif, la capitalisation du coût de la recherche fructueuse dans l'industrie minière et la constatation immédiate des gains et pertes de change sur les éléments d'actif et de passif à long terme ne présentent généralement aucune corrélation avec l'information que les investisseurs jugent pertinente; les charges fiscales ou les impôts à payer que permettent de constater les méthodes comptables appliquées aux fins fiscales au Royaume†Uni, aux États†Unis et en Australie ne sont pas «suffisantes»; la comptabilisation de la charge de retraite sur la base des prestations constituées a un pouvoir explicatif supérieur à celui de la méthode basée sur la comptabilité de caisse en vigueur en Australie et, à certains égards, c'est aussi le cas de la capitalisation des intérêts. Les constatations des auteurs laissent croire que le rapprochement des PCGR exigé par la SEC livre de l'information utile aux investisseurs en ce qui a trait aux entreprises du Royaume†Uni, de l'Australie et, dans une moindre mesure, du Canada.

Suggested Citation

  • Mary E. Barth & Greg Clinch, 1996. "International Accounting Differences and Their Relation to Share Prices: Evidence from U.K., Australian, and Canadian Firms," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 13(1), pages 135-170, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:13:y:1996:i:1:p:135-170
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1911-3846.1996.tb00495.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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