IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/camsys/v21y2025i1ne70032.html

PROTOCOL: Prevention, Intervention, and Compensation Programs to Tackle School Dropout: An Evidence and Gap Map

Author

Listed:
  • Marta Pellegrini
  • Carmen Pannone
  • Daniela Fadda
  • Laura Francesca Scalas
  • Giuliano Vivanet
  • Amanda Neitzel

Abstract

The issue of students dropping out before completing secondary education is a global concern with significant individual and societal consequences. Various terms, such as Early School Leaving (ESL), Early Leaving from Education and Training (ELET), and school dropout, reflect different policy perspectives on this phenomenon. Despite international efforts to address school dropout, a comprehensive review identifying areas with strong evidence and research gaps is lacking. This Evidence and Gap Map (EGM) systematically reviews the evidence on programs aimed at reducing school dropout and improving intermediate outcomes (e.g., educational performance, attendance). Following the 2011 European Council Recommendations, interventions are categorized into three domains: prevention, intervention, and compensation. The EGM will provide school and policy decision‐makers, as well as program developers, with an overview of research evidence useful for guiding efforts to reduce school dropout and design effective programs. By pinpointing research gaps, the EGM will help identify critical areas where further investigation is needed to better understand and address the impact of school dropout programs.

Suggested Citation

  • Marta Pellegrini & Carmen Pannone & Daniela Fadda & Laura Francesca Scalas & Giuliano Vivanet & Amanda Neitzel, 2025. "PROTOCOL: Prevention, Intervention, and Compensation Programs to Tackle School Dropout: An Evidence and Gap Map," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(1), March.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:camsys:v:21:y:2025:i:1:n:e70032
    DOI: 10.1002/cl2.70032
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70032
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1002/cl2.70032?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sandra Jo Wilson & Emily E. Tanner‐Smith & Mark W. Lipsey & Katarzyna Steinka‐Fry & Jan Morrison, 2011. "Dropout Prevention and Intervention Programs: Effects on School Completion and Dropout among School‐aged Children and Youth," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 7(1), pages 1-61.
    2. Howard White & Bianca Albers & Marie Gaarder & Hege Kornør & Julia Littell & Zack Marshall & Christine Mathew & Terri Pigott & Birte Snilstveit & Hugh Waddington & Vivian Welch, 2020. "Guidance for producing a Campbell evidence and gap map," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(4), December.
    3. Heather MacDonald & Cozette Comer & Margaret Foster & Patrick R. Labelle & Scott Marsalis & Kate Nyhan & Zahra Premji & Morwenna Rogers & Ryan Splenda & Claire Stansfield & Sarah Young, 2024. "Searching for studies: A guide to information retrieval for Campbell systematic reviews," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 20(3), September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Vivian Welch & Christine M. Mathew & Panteha Babelmorad & Yanfei Li & Elizabeth T. Ghogomu & Johan Borg & Monserrat Conde & Elizabeth Kristjansson & Anne Lyddiatt & Sue Marcus & Jason W. Nickerson & K, 2021. "Health, social care and technological interventions to improve functional ability of older adults living at home: An evidence and gap map," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(3), September.
    2. Leonor Rodriguez & James Lyons & Amy Maloy & Ailsa O'Brien, 2025. "PROTOCOL: Bereavement Interventions for Children and Adolescents: An Evidence and Gap Map of Primary Studies and Systematic Reviews," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(2), June.
    3. Mia Doolan & Katie Cox & Kiran M. Sarma, 2025. "PROTOCOL: Understanding the Content, Context, and Impact of Far‐Right Extremist Propaganda Disseminated Online: A Systematic Review," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(4), December.
    4. Vivian Welch & Elizabeth Tanjong Ghogomu & Victoria I. Barbeau & Elisabeth Boulton & Sabrina Boutin & Niobe Haitas & Dylan Kneale & Douglas M. Salzwedel & Roger Simard & Paul Herbert & Christopher Mik, 2022. "PROTOCOL: Digital interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness in older adults: An evidence and gap map," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 18(3), September.
    5. Sesha Kethineni & Susan Frazier‐Kouassi & Yuki Shigemoto & Wesley Jennings & Stephanie M. Cardwell & Alex R. Piquero & Kimberly Gay & Dayanand Sundaravadivelu, 2021. "PROTOCOL: Effectiveness of parent‐engagement programs to reduce truancy and juvenile delinquency: A systematic review," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(3), September.
    6. Jenny B. O'Connor & Shane S. George & Morgan R. Klein & Nicklaus R. Herbst & Lauren Hoffman & Melis Lydston & John F. Kelly & Emily A. Hennessy, 2025. "PROTOCOL: Investigating the Intersection of Parenting and Substance Use Recovery Identities: A Qualitative Scoping Review," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(4), December.
    7. Esther Omosa & Francoise Cattaneo & Matthew Kibbee & Paula Dominguez‐Salas & Natasha Bishop & Inge D. Brouwer, 2025. "PROTOCOL: Food Environment, Food Choice, Diets, and Nutrition Outcomes of Pastoralists in Africa: Scoping Review Protocol," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(1), March.
    8. Liz Shaw & Noreen Orr & Hassanat M. Lawal & Simon Briscoe & Xiaoyu Yan & Jo Thompson Coon & G. J. Melendez‐Torres & Clara Martin‐Pintado & Ruth Garside, 2025. "Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Carbon‐Emissions Within Secondary Healthcare: Systematic Review and Evidence and Gap Map," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(4), December.
    9. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/5lge9h8e809258uvvpjn34ekm4 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Ramona Schöne‐Hoffmann & Sarah K. Schäfer & Christina David & Dorota Reis & Manuela Benick & Franziska Perels, 2025. "PROTOCOL: Summarizing and Critically Evaluating the Concepts of Self‐Compassion: A Systematic Review of Conceptualizations," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(3), September.
    11. Vivian Welch & Elizabeth T. Ghogomu & Victoria I. Barbeau & Sierra Dowling & Rebecca Doyle & Ella Beveridge & Elisabeth Boulton & Payaam Desai & Jimmy Huang & Nour Elmestekawy & Tarannum Hussain & Arp, 2023. "Digital interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness in older adults: An evidence and gap map," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 19(4), December.
    12. Denis Fougère & Arthur Heim, 2019. "L'évaluation socioéconomique de l'investissement social," Working Papers hal-03456048, HAL.
    13. Daragh Bradshaw & Lynn Fenton & Fiona Donson & Aisling Parkes & Ben Raikes & Leonie Ludwig & Julie Poehlmann, 2025. "PROTOCOL: The Impact of Parental Incarceration on Families Affected: An Evidence and Gap Map," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(3), September.
    14. Jennifer Hanratty & Rachel Leonard & Sean R. O'Connor & Ciara Keenan & Yuan Chi & Janet Ferguson & Ariana Axiaq & Anna Volz & Ceri Welsh & Kerry Campbell & Victoria Hawkins & Sarah Miller & Declan Bra, 2024. "Psychological and psychosocial determinants of COVID related distancing behaviours: A systematic review," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 20(4), December.
    15. Clarice Panyin Nyan & Sheila Agyemang Oppong & Takyiwaa Manuh & David Sarfo Ameyaw, 2025. "PROTOCOL: Interventions to Promote Inclusive Governance for Underserved Population in Sub‐Saharan Africa: An Evidence and Gap Map," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(1), March.
    16. Pronk, S. & Mulder, E.A. & van den Berg, G. & Stams, G.J.J.M. & Popma, A. & Kuiper, C., 2020. "Differences between adolescents who do and do not successfully complete their program within a non-residential alternative education facility," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    17. Vivian Welch & Elizabeth Tanjong Ghogomu & Sierra Dowling & Victoria I. Barbeau & Ali A. A. Al‐Zubaidi & Ella Beveridge & Mostafa Bondok & Payaam Desai & Rebecca Doyle & Jimmy Huang & Tarannum Hussain, 2024. "In‐person interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness: An evidence and gap map," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 20(2), June.
    18. Ashima Mohan & Howard White, 2025. "Enhancing Policy Impact Through Knowledge Translation: The Role of Innovative Evidence Products," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(4), December.
    19. Imasha Upulini Jayasinghe & Hannah F. Jones & E. Scott Graham & Kyle Eggleton & Russell C. Dale & Jane M. Alsweiler, 2025. "PROTOCOL: Association of Antenatal Cytokine Concentrations With Neurodevelopmental Disorders of the Offspring: A Scoping Review," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(3), September.
    20. Jens Dietrichson & Trine Filges & Rasmus H. Klokker & Bjørn C. A. Viinholt & Martin Bøg & Ulla H. Jensen, 2020. "Targeted school‐based interventions for improving reading and mathematics for students with, or at risk of, academic difficulties in Grades 7–12: A systematic review," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(2), June.
    21. Ashrita Saran & Howard White & Kerry Albright & Jill Adona, 2020. "Mega‐map of systematic reviews and evidence and gap maps on the interventions to improve child well‐being in low‐ and middle‐income countries," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(4), December.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:camsys:v:21:y:2025:i:1:n:e70032. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://doi.org/10.1111/(ISSN)1891-1803 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.