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Teoría e historia. La ciencia económica en la obra de Ortega y Gasset
[Theory and History: Economic Science in the Work of Ortega y Gasset]

Author

Listed:
  • Ernesto Clar Moliner

    (Área de Historia e Instituciones Económicas del Departamento de Economía Aplicada de la Universidad de Zaragoza. Universidad de Zaragoza)

Abstract

José Ortega y Gasset, el principal filósofo español del siglo XX, abordó puntualmente en su obra el estado y la evolución de la economía desde el siglo XIX. Crítico con el enfoque abstracto y positivista asumido por la disciplina, rechazó la influencia excesiva de las ciencias naturales sobre las humanidades, ignorando la libertad y la complejidad del ser humano. Opuesto al mecanicismo implícito tanto en el utilitarismo milliano como en el economicismo marxista, propuso una economía entendida como ciencia histórica y vinculada a la cultura, pero sin olvidar su pretensión normativa. Entroncando con sus posiciones filosóficas, es posible insertar sus reflexiones dentro del debate entre teoría e historia que se sucedió desde el inicio de la “disputa del método” (Methodenstreit). Crítico también con el “homo economicus” y con el “economismo” reduccionista, pensó en una economía centrada en la escasez, lo superfluo y la vida, en diálogo con la filosofía y las humanidades.

Suggested Citation

  • Ernesto Clar Moliner, 2026. "Teoría e historia. La ciencia económica en la obra de Ortega y Gasset [Theory and History: Economic Science in the Work of Ortega y Gasset]," Iberian Journal of the History of Economic Thought, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Dpto. Historia e Instituciones Económicas I., vol. 13(1), pages 1-14.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucm:ijohet:v:13:y:2026:i:1:p:1-14
    DOI: 10.5209/ijhe.103239
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • B12 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought through 1925 - - - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
    • B14 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought through 1925 - - - Socialist; Marxist
    • B15 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought through 1925 - - - Historical; Institutional; Evolutionary

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