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Exploring PERMA in spectator sport: Applying positive psychology to examine the individual-level benefits of sport consumption

Author

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  • Jason P. Doyle
  • Kevin Filo
  • Daniel Lock
  • Daniel C. Funk
  • Heath McDonald

Abstract

•We focus on examining the benefits of spectating from the individual's perspective.•Positive psychology and the PERMA framework are applied to spectator sport.•We reveal how positive emotions, relationships, meaning and accomplishment are activated during the season, and in the off-season.•Managerial actions focus on fostering the relationships derived through spectating.Sport spectating provides numerous benefits for sport organisations and individuals. In this paper we use a positive psychology approach to examine the individual-level benefits of sport consumption in order to investigate the activation of five domains of well-being: positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment (PERMA). Using a two-study panel research design, we collected qualitative data from a sample of Australian Rules Football consumers. In the first study, we explored how the PERMA domains were activated during the season. Study two included a follow-up interview with eight initial respondents in the off-season. We found evidence of four PERMA domains that were activated in the sport spectator context by a variety of consumer experiences. The emergence of these domains in both studies suggests sport marketers would benefit from actions including: creating more social spaces within their stadiums, hosting regular off-season events, and creating social-media based competitions which promote fan engagement and interactions throughout the calendar year.

Suggested Citation

  • Jason P. Doyle & Kevin Filo & Daniel Lock & Daniel C. Funk & Heath McDonald, 2016. "Exploring PERMA in spectator sport: Applying positive psychology to examine the individual-level benefits of sport consumption," Sport Management Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(5), pages 506-519, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:rsmrxx:v:19:y:2016:i:5:p:506-519
    DOI: 10.1016/j.smr.2016.04.007
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    Cited by:

    1. Jang, Wonseok (Eric) & Wann, Daniel L. & Ko, Yong Jae, 2018. "Influence of team identification, game outcome, and game process on sport consumers’ happiness," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 63-71.
    2. Kim, Han Soo & Kim, Minjung, 2020. "Viewing sports online together? Psychological consequences on social live streaming service usage," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 23(5), pages 869-882.
    3. Fong-Jia Wang & Chia-Huei Hsiao & Wei-Hsuan Shih & Weisheng Chiu, 2023. "Impacts of Price and Quality Perceptions on Individuals’ Intention to Participate in Marathon Events: Mediating Role of Perceived Value," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(2), pages 21582440231, June.
    4. Vada, Sera & Prentice, Catherine & Hsiao, Aaron, 2019. "The role of positive psychology in tourists’ behavioural intentions," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 293-303.
    5. Vada, Sera & Prentice, Catherine & Hsiao, Aaron, 2019. "The influence of tourism experience and well-being on place attachment," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 322-330.
    6. Paolo Rungo & José Manuel Sánchez-Santos, 2022. "Social Ties, Network Socioeconomic Diversity and Sporting Event Attendance," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 164(2), pages 773-790, November.
    7. Kei Aoki, 2021. "The Relationship between Well-Being and Knowledge Sharing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-13, April.
    8. Toder-Alon, Anat & Icekson, Tamar & Shuv-Ami, Avichai, 2019. "Team identification and sports fandom as predictors of fan aggression: The moderating role of ageing," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 194-208.
    9. Moital, Miguel & Bain, Amy & Thomas, Harriet, 2019. "Summary of cognitive, affective, and behavioural outcomes of consuming prestigious sports events," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(5), pages 652-666.
    10. Hsing-Chieh Huang & Peng-Yeh Lee & Yu-Chih Lo & I-Shen Chen & Chin-Hsien Hsu, 2021. "A Study on the Perceived Positive Coaching Leadership, Sports Enthusiasm, and Happiness of Boxing Athletes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-19, June.
    11. Kim, Minjung & Kim, Young Do & Lee, Hyun-Woo, 2020. "It is time to consider athletes’ well-being and performance satisfaction: The roles of authentic leadership and psychological capital," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 23(5), pages 964-977.
    12. Kim, Jihye & Kim, Minseong, 2020. "Spectator e-sport and well-being through live streaming services," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    13. Themistocles Kokolakakis & Vilma Čingienė, 2022. "An Estimation of Consumer Spending on Sport in Lithuania, Its Division between Active and Passive Participation and the Effects of COVID-19," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-12, September.

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