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The asymmetric relationship between foreign direct investment, oil prices and carbon emissions: evidence from Gulf Cooperative Council economies

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  • Sania Ashraf
  • Jithin P
  • Zaghum Umar

Abstract

We investigate the asymmetric nonlinear link between foreign direct investment, oil prices, and CO2 emissions for the Gulf Cooperation Council nations, using foreign direct investment and oil price data. As foreign direct investment is positively associated with carbon emissions in the long run and oil prices have positive, significant effects on CO2 emissions, our findings support the pollution-haven hypothesis. Furthermore, these variables have an asymmetric nonlinear relationship, which corresponds to the theoretical expectations of the pollution-haven hypothesis. We also find that negative changes in foreign direct investment have positive, significant impacts on carbon emissions in the short run, implying that foreign enterprises utilize green technologies in their manufacturing processes in the short run. In the long run, however, negative changes in oil prices are positively associated with carbon emissions. These findings should help Gulf Cooperation Council economies focus on policies that encourage foreign direct investment in green rather than dirty industries in order to ensure environmental sustainability.

Suggested Citation

  • Sania Ashraf & Jithin P & Zaghum Umar, 2022. "The asymmetric relationship between foreign direct investment, oil prices and carbon emissions: evidence from Gulf Cooperative Council economies," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(1), pages 2080316-208, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:oaefxx:v:10:y:2022:i:1:p:2080316
    DOI: 10.1080/23322039.2022.2080316
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    Cited by:

    1. Appiah, Michael & Ashraf, Sania & Tiwari, Aviral Kumar & Gyamfi, Bright Akwasi & Onifade, Stephen Taiwo, 2023. "Does financialization enhance renewable energy development in Sub-Saharan African countries?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
    2. Mamon Adam Maarof & Dildar Haydar Ahmed & Ahmed Samour, 2023. "Fiscal Policy, Oil Price, Foreign Direct Investment, and Renewable Energy—A Path to Sustainable Development in South Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-16, June.
    3. Muhammad Khan & Arslan Tariq Rana & Wafa Ghardallou, 2023. "FDI and CO2 emissions in developing countries: the role of human capital," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 117(1), pages 1125-1155, May.
    4. Sugra Humbatova & Afag Huseyn & Natig Gadim-Oglu Hajiyev, 2023. "Impact of Oil Factor on Investment: The Case of Azerbaijan," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(2), pages 129-148, March.
    5. Ahmed Samour & Omar Ikbal Tawfik & Magdalena Radulescu & Cristina Florentina Baldan, 2023. "Do Oil Price, Renewable Energy, and Financial Development Matter for Environmental Quality in Oman? Novel Insights from Augmented ARDL Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-14, June.
    6. Aamir Javed & Agnese Rapposelli & Mohsin Shah & Asif Javed, 2023. "Nexus between Energy Consumption, Foreign Direct Investment, Oil Prices, Economic Growth, and Carbon Emissions in Italy: Fresh Evidence from Autoregressive Distributed Lag and Wavelet Coherence Approa," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-23, August.

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