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Does financial liberalization lead to financial development? Evidence from emerging economies

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  • Paramita Mukherjee
  • Sahana Roy Chowdhury
  • Poulomi Bhattacharya

Abstract

In the last few decades, most of the emerging market economies (EMEs) have adopted financial liberalization. Evidence shows that the financial sectors/institutions in emerging economies were either underdeveloped or functioning with a lot of inefficiencies under inadequate regulation. The paper examines whether liberalization in the financial sector has led to financial development for a bunch of EMEs including BRICS. The paper differs from the existing literature in its approach of dealing with the measurements of financial development and considering financial liberalization as a gradual process. Panel regressions are estimated for 9 countries based on 22 years’ data for four aspects of financial development, viz. depth, efficiency, stability and competition. Results indicate that financial liberalization in terms of freedom in capital markets has a positive effect on financial depth and competition, whereas liberalization from government interference in the banks and other financial institutions has a positive impact on the stability of the financial sector. Trade openness has a role in enhancing the efficiency of the financial sector. Also, evidence suggests that capital account openness leads to increased depth and does not destabilize the financial sector. GDP, political stability, regulatory quality and government effectiveness are also important factors in influencing more than one aspect of financial development in a country.

Suggested Citation

  • Paramita Mukherjee & Sahana Roy Chowdhury & Poulomi Bhattacharya, 2021. "Does financial liberalization lead to financial development? Evidence from emerging economies," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(8), pages 1263-1287, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jitecd:v:30:y:2021:i:8:p:1263-1287
    DOI: 10.1080/09638199.2021.1948589
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    Cited by:

    1. Lemnge, Deusdedit Augustine & Raphael, Gwahula, 2023. "Financial Development and Poverty Reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa," African Journal of Economic Review, African Journal of Economic Review, vol. 11(4), September.
    2. Biruk Birhanu Ashenafi & Yan Dong, 2023. "Financial openness, financial sector development, and income inequality: With an extensive set of pull and push factors," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 35(2), pages 138-151, June.
    3. Biruk Birhanu Ashenafi & Yan Dong, 2024. "Decomposing the impact of financial openness on finance and income inequality: principle vs. outcome-based approaches from Africa," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 57(2), pages 1-32, April.

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