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Democratisation with Inclusion: political reforms and people's empowerment at the grassroots

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  • James Manor

Abstract

This paper reviews recent approaches by developing country governments to include ordinary people, particularly the poor, in democratic processes so as to benefit the people and protect democracy itself. Three issues currently characterise all aspects of government: centrist approaches, fiscal constraints, and resistance to reform. There have been five types of approaches to political reform, including elected councils, user committees, and other mechanisms, as well as efforts to engage civil society and elites in the process. This paper discusses how these efforts can be facilitated, and how to tackle resistance to reform, before going on to look at ways to measure the impact of such reforms.

Suggested Citation

  • James Manor, 2004. "Democratisation with Inclusion: political reforms and people's empowerment at the grassroots," Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 5(1), pages 5-29.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:jhudca:v:5:y:2004:i:1:p:5-29
    DOI: 10.1080/14649880310001660193
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Gaventa, John & Barrett, Gregory, 2012. "Mapping the Outcomes of Citizen Engagement," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 40(12), pages 2399-2410.
    2. Fischer, Harry W., 2016. "Beyond Participation and Accountability: Theorizing Representation in Local Democracy," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 111-122.
    3. Fischer, Harry W. & Ali, Syed Shoaib, 2019. "Reshaping the public domain: Decentralization, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), and trajectories of local democracy in rural India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 147-158.
    4. Gunter Ashley, 2014. "Mega events as a pretext for infrastructural development: the case of the All African Games Athletes Village, Alexandra, Johannesburg," Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series, Sciendo, vol. 23(23), pages 39-52, March.

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