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Flash flood data compilation and risk insights in Peninsular Malaysia: a data-driven analysis (2014–2019)

Author

Listed:
  • Raidan Maqtan

    (Universiti Malaya
    University of Aden)

  • Faridah Othman

    (Universiti Malaya)

  • Wan Zurina Wan Jaafar

    (Universiti Malaya)

  • Ahmed Elshafie

    (National Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirate University)

Abstract

Flash floods pose significant challenges, yet comprehensive data on their occurrences and impacts in Southeast Asia, particularly Malaysia, remain sparse. In this study, 745 flash flood events in Peninsular Malaysia from 2014 to 2019 were systematically compiled and analyzed to identify patterns and contributing factors. Events were categorized based on rainfall duration, flood duration, and causes. Pluvial flash floods, accounting for 60% of cases, were primarily linked to inadequate drainage systems. Flash floods were most frequent during the northeast monsoon (October-January, 49%), followed by the southwest monsoon (June-August, 18%), indicating seasonal variations. Selangor and Penang experienced the highest event frequencies, with notable differences in triggering rainfall thresholds. In contrast, Johor and Melaka recorded fewer events despite having higher rainfall intensities. These findings underscore the need for improved drainage infrastructures and targeted mitigation strategies tailored to regional and seasonal flood dynamics. The study provides a foundational framework for risk assessment and management of flash floods in Peninsular Malaysia.

Suggested Citation

  • Raidan Maqtan & Faridah Othman & Wan Zurina Wan Jaafar & Ahmed Elshafie, 2025. "Flash flood data compilation and risk insights in Peninsular Malaysia: a data-driven analysis (2014–2019)," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 121(9), pages 10421-10447, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:121:y:2025:i:9:d:10.1007_s11069-025-07228-w
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-025-07228-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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