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Risk resilience of growing settlements in landslide prone hilly areas: case study on Kalimpong-I block, Darjeeling District, West Bengal

Author

Listed:
  • Chalantika Laha Salui

    (Rani Birla Girls’ College (University of Calcutta))

  • Shovan Lal Chattoraj

    (Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (ISRO))

  • Ganga Prasad Prasain

    (Tripura University)

  • Poonam Sharma

    (University of Delhi)

Abstract

Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalaya is a hotspot of landslide occurrences in India. Losses of natural and human resources have become common and frequent news for this area due to landslides. At the same time, it’s a very potential zone from a developmental and tourism perspective which leads to emerging population growth and settlement expansion. The directional magnitude of this sprawling depends on the physical, environmental and infrastructural strengths of the area. But this can be threatened by landslides. Hence, to minimize loss of lives and property, optimizing and restricting developmental activities in highly sensitive areas is the need of the hour. Kalimpong is a highly sensitive site for such an issue for its emerging urban agglomeration. Hence, the case study was conducted in Kalimpong-I block in Darjeeling District. Quantitative simulation by multivariate logistic regression was carried out based on influencing factors and landslide inventory data for landslide susceptibility analysis. Digital elevation model (DEM), Landsat-8 OLI satellite imagery and some secondary data were used to generate the individual spatial database for formulating dependent variables. Spatial overlay analysis with the final outputs for predicted urban sprawling and predicted landslide occurrence zones enabled the managing authority to identify future highly vulnerable zones as well as safer zones for settlement and infrastructure expansion. This helped the authority to restrict the set-ups resulting minimization of elements at risk. It can help in the disaster preparedness as well as mitigation planning. Therefore, this study shows a holistic approach towards effective disaster management and risk resilience.

Suggested Citation

  • Chalantika Laha Salui & Shovan Lal Chattoraj & Ganga Prasad Prasain & Poonam Sharma, 2025. "Risk resilience of growing settlements in landslide prone hilly areas: case study on Kalimpong-I block, Darjeeling District, West Bengal," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 121(11), pages 13387-13405, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:121:y:2025:i:11:d:10.1007_s11069-025-07324-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-025-07324-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yaobin Liu & Lu Dai & Huanhuan Xiong, 2015. "Simulation of urban expansion patterns by integrating auto-logistic regression, Markov chain and cellular automata models," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 58(6), pages 1113-1136, June.
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