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Out-of-pocket expenses of patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a comparison of patient-reported outcomes across 12 European countries

Author

Listed:
  • Przemysław Holko

    (Jagiellonian University Medical College)

  • Paweł Kawalec

    (Jagiellonian University Medical College)

  • Magdalena Sajak-Szczerba

    (European Federation of Crohn’s and Ulcerative Colitis Associations
    Polish Association Supporting People With Inflammatory Bowel Disease “J-Elita”)

  • Luisa Avedano

    (European Federation of Crohn’s and Ulcerative Colitis Associations)

  • Małgorzata Mossakowska

    (Polish Association Supporting People With Inflammatory Bowel Disease “J-Elita”
    International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology)

Abstract

Background There is a high variability of out-of-packet patient costs of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), but the issue is not widely recognised. Therefore, we compared patient costs of IBDs between 12 European countries. Methods A questionnaire-based study was conducted among adult patients with IBD. Data on patient characteristics and out-of-pocket expenses were anonymously collected. Ordered logit regression models were used to analyse the responses provided by patients. The results were adjusted for confounders and multiplicity. Results The questionnaires obtained from 3687 patients were analysed. Patients with comorbidities and active disease indicated higher out-of-pocket expenses than those without comorbidities and with disease in remission, respectively. Compared with other IBD, patients with ulcerative colitis indicated higher expenses on medications prescribed or recommended by physicians [odds ratio (OR) 1.99, 95% CI 1.48–2.67]. Expenses on dietary supplements, special diet or equipment, ostomy pouches, and transportation to a medical facility differed slightly between patients at different ages and were lower among men than among women (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.54–0.93). The expenses differed significantly between countries. An adjusted mean patient cost per month varied from €77 (patient with Crohn disease in remission from Denmark) to €376 (patient with active ulcerative colitis from Romania). Compared with active disease, patients with IBD in remission had a lower out-of-pocket cost by 29–62% (€10–€22 monthly; p

Suggested Citation

  • Przemysław Holko & Paweł Kawalec & Magdalena Sajak-Szczerba & Luisa Avedano & Małgorzata Mossakowska, 2023. "Out-of-pocket expenses of patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a comparison of patient-reported outcomes across 12 European countries," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 24(7), pages 1073-1083, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:eujhec:v:24:y:2023:i:7:d:10.1007_s10198-022-01536-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s10198-022-01536-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mirthe E van der Valk & Marie-Josée J Mangen & Mirjam Severs & Mike van der Have & Gerard Dijkstra & Ad A van Bodegraven & Herma H Fidder & Dirk J de Jong & C Janneke van der Woude & Mariëlle J L Romb, 2016. "Evolution of Costs of Inflammatory Bowel Disease over Two Years of Follow-Up," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(4), pages 1-11, April.
    2. Przemysław Holko & Paweł Kawalec & Małgorzata Mossakowska & Andrzej Pilc, 2016. "Health-Related Quality of Life Impairment and Indirect Cost of Crohn’s Disease: A Self-Report Study in Poland," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(12), pages 1-21, December.
    3. Marina Kostić & Ljiljan Djakovic & Raša Šujić & Brian Godman & Slobodan M. Janković, 2017. "Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (Crohn´s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis): Cost of Treatment in Serbia and the Implications," Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, Springer, vol. 15(1), pages 85-93, February.
    4. Renee Stark & Hans-Helmut König & Reiner Leidl, 2006. "Costs of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Germany," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 24(8), pages 797-814, August.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Out-of-pocket costs; Patient-reported outcomes; Inflammatory bowel disease;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General

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