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Assessing the water quality and ecological sustainability of the Paga crocodile pond and the associated socio-economic implications

Author

Listed:
  • Nang Biyogue Douti

    (CK Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences)

  • Ebenezer Ebo Yahans Amuah

    (Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology)

  • Abdul-Wahab Mbelayim Imoro

    (CK Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences)

  • Samuel Kojo Abanyie

    (University for Development Studies)

Abstract

Tourism has become a major socio-economic activity and one of the fastest-growing sectors of Ghana. However, this rapid expansion has contributed to detrimental effects environmentally and socio-culturally. This study was conducted to assess the impacts of human activities on the water quality and the plant species in and around the Paga crocodile pond and their implications for the sustainability of tourism in the area. The pond was divided into five grids, and five samples (20 cm depth) were collected from each grid for bacteriological and physicochemical analyses. The woody plant and low herbaceous species were assessed using visual appraisal and 1 m2 quadrat, respectively. The results showed that except for the chemical parameters (pH, Cl−, SO42−, PO42−, NO3−, total hardness, Ca2+ and DO) and TDS, the enteric bacteria load and physical parameters (colour, turbidity and EC) were above standards. This was majorly attributed to anthropogenic activities. The tree species identified on the banks were mainly Azadirachta Indica (neem), Diospyrosmespiliformis (Ebony), Acacia nilotica (Acacia), Taminaliacatapa (Indian Almond) and Ficus sp. The study recommends that proper sanitation and hygiene practices are implemented and enforced, and ensure periodic assessment of the pond’s quality. Also, the protection of the vegetation within the catchment area of the pond should be integral in the management of the tourist site.

Suggested Citation

  • Nang Biyogue Douti & Ebenezer Ebo Yahans Amuah & Abdul-Wahab Mbelayim Imoro & Samuel Kojo Abanyie, 2023. "Assessing the water quality and ecological sustainability of the Paga crocodile pond and the associated socio-economic implications," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(11), pages 13331-13352, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:25:y:2023:i:11:d:10.1007_s10668-022-02619-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-022-02619-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Samuel J. Cobbina & Abudu B. Duwiejuah & Reginald Quansah & Samuel Obiri & Noel Bakobie, 2015. "Comparative Assessment of Heavy Metals in Drinking Water Sources in Two Small-Scale Mining Communities in Northern Ghana," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-15, August.
    2. Benjamin Breen & John Curtis & Stephen Hynes, 2018. "Water quality and recreational use of public waterways," Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(1), pages 1-15, January.
    3. Courage D. Egbi & Geophrey Anornu & Emmanuel K. Appiah-Adjei & Samuel Y. Ganyaglo & Samuel B. Dampare, 2019. "Evaluation of water quality using hydrochemistry, stable isotopes, and water quality indices in the Lower Volta River Basin of Ghana," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 21(6), pages 3033-3063, December.
    4. Fleisher, J.M. & Kay, D. & Salmon, R.L. & Jones, F. & Wyer, M. & Godfree, A.F., 1996. "Marine waters contaminated with domestic sewage: Nonenteric illnesses associated with bather exposure in the United Kingdom," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 86(9), pages 1228-1234.
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