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Clarifying Values: An Updated and Expanded Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Holly O. Witteman

    (Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
    VITAM Research Centre, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
    CHU de Québec Research Centre, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada)

  • Ruth Ndjaboue

    (Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
    VITAM Research Centre, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada)

  • Gratianne Vaisson

    (Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
    CHU de Québec Research Centre, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada)

  • Selma Chipenda Dansokho

    (Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada)

  • Bob Arnold

    (UPMC Palliative and Supportive Institute, Division of General Internal Medicine, Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA)

  • John F. P. Bridges

    (Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA)

  • Sandrine Comeau

    (Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada)

  • Angela Fagerlin

    (Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA)

  • Teresa Gavaruzzi

    (Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy)

  • Melina Marcoux

    (Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada)

  • Arwen Pieterse

    (Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands)

  • Michael Pignone

    (Departments of Internal Medicine and Population Health, Dell Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA)

  • Thierry Provencher

    (Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada)

  • Charles Racine

    (Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada)

  • Dean Regier

    (School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada)

  • Charlotte Rochefort-Brihay

    (Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada)

  • Praveen Thokala

    (School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK)

  • Marieke Weernink

    (Municipal Health Services (GGD), Enschede, The Netherlands)

  • Douglas B. White

    (Program on Ethics and Decision Making in Critical Illness, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA)

  • Celia E. Wills

    (College of Nursing, Center on Healthy Aging, Self-Management and Complex Care, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA)

  • Jesse Jansen

    (Department of Family Medicine/CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands)

Abstract

Background Patient decision aids should help people make evidence-informed decisions aligned with their values. There is limited guidance about how to achieve such alignment. Purpose To describe the range of values clarification methods available to patient decision aid developers, synthesize evidence regarding their relative merits, and foster collection of evidence by offering researchers a proposed set of outcomes to report when evaluating the effects of values clarification methods. Data Sources MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL. Study Selection We included articles that described randomized trials of 1 or more explicit values clarification methods. From 30,648 records screened, we identified 33 articles describing trials of 43 values clarification methods. Data Extraction Two independent reviewers extracted details about each values clarification method and its evaluation. Data Synthesis Compared to control conditions or to implicit values clarification methods, explicit values clarification methods decreased the frequency of values-incongruent choices (risk difference, –0.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], –0.06 to –0.02; P

Suggested Citation

  • Holly O. Witteman & Ruth Ndjaboue & Gratianne Vaisson & Selma Chipenda Dansokho & Bob Arnold & John F. P. Bridges & Sandrine Comeau & Angela Fagerlin & Teresa Gavaruzzi & Melina Marcoux & Arwen Pieter, 2021. "Clarifying Values: An Updated and Expanded Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 41(7), pages 801-820, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:medema:v:41:y:2021:i:7:p:801-820
    DOI: 10.1177/0272989X211037946
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Holly O. Witteman & Selma Chipenda Dansokho & Nicole Exe & Audrey Dupuis & Thierry Provencher & Brian J. Zikmund‐Fisher, 2015. "Risk Communication, Values Clarification, and Vaccination Decisions," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 35(10), pages 1801-1819, October.
    2. Carolyn A. Hutyra & Stephen Smiley & Dean C. Taylor & Lori A. Orlando & Richard C. Mather III, 2019. "Efficacy of a Preference-Based Decision Tool on Treatment Decisions for a First-Time Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: A Randomized Controlled Trial of At-Risk Patients," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 39(3), pages 253-263, April.
    3. Tammy C. Hoffmann & Mina Bakhit & Marie-Anne Durand & Lilisbeth Perestelo-Pérez & Catherine Saunders & Juan P. Brito, 2021. "Basing Information on Comprehensive, Critically Appraised, and Up-to-Date Syntheses of the Scientific Evidence: An Update from the International Patient Decision Aid Standards," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 41(7), pages 755-767, October.
    4. Pieterse, Arwen H. & de Vries, Marieke & Kunneman, Marleen & Stiggelbout, Anne M. & Feldman-Stewart, Deb, 2013. "Theory-informed design of values clarification methods: A cognitive psychological perspective on patient health-related decision making," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 156-163.
    5. Danielle M. Muscat & Jenna Smith & Olivia Mac & Tamara Cadet & Anik Giguere & Ashley J. Housten & Aisha T. Langford & Sian K. Smith & Marie-Anne Durand & Kirsten McCaffery, 2021. "Addressing Health Literacy in Patient Decision Aids: An Update from the International Patient Decision Aid Standards," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 41(7), pages 848-869, October.
    6. Deb Feldman-Stewart & Christine Tong & Rob Siemens & Shabbir Alibhai & Tom Pickles & John Robinson & Michael D. Brundage, 2012. "The Impact of Explicit Values Clarification Exercises in a Patient Decision Aid Emerges After the Decision Is Actually Made," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 32(4), pages 616-626, July.
    7. Stacey L. Sheridan & Jennifer M. Griffith & Lindy Behrend & Ziya Gizlice & Jianwen Cai & Michael P. Pignone, 2010. "Effect of Adding a Values Clarification Exercise to a Decision Aid on Heart Disease Prevention: A Randomized Trial," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 30(4), pages 28-39, July.
    8. Holly O. Witteman & Teresa Gavaruzzi & Laura D. Scherer & Arwen H. Pieterse & Andrea Fuhrel-Forbis & Selma Chipenda Dansokho & Nicole Exe & Valerie C. Kahn & Deb Feldman-Stewart & Nananda F. Col & Ale, 2016. "Effects of Design Features of Explicit Values Clarification Methods," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 36(6), pages 760-776, August.
    9. James G. Dolan & Emily Boohaker & Jeroan Allison & Thomas F. Imperiale, 2013. "Patients’ Preferences and Priorities Regarding Colorectal Cancer Screening," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 33(1), pages 59-70, January.
    10. Gareth Hopkin & Anson Au & Verena Jane Collier & John S. Yudkin & Sanjay Basu & Huseyin Naci, 2019. "Combining Multiple Treatment Comparisons with Personalized Patient Preferences: A Randomized Trial of an Interactive Platform for Statin Treatment Selection," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 39(3), pages 264-277, April.
    11. Lyndal J. Trevena & Carissa Bonner & Yasmina Okan & Ellen Peters & Wolfgang Gaissmaier & Paul K. J. Han & Elissa Ozanne & Danielle Timmermans & Brian J. Zikmund-Fisher, 2021. "Current Challenges When Using Numbers in Patient Decision Aids: Advanced Concepts," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 41(7), pages 834-847, October.
    12. Carissa Bonner & Lyndal J. Trevena & Wolfgang Gaissmaier & Paul K. J. Han & Yasmina Okan & Elissa Ozanne & Ellen Peters & Daniëlle Timmermans & Brian J. Zikmund-Fisher, 2021. "Current Best Practice for Presenting Probabilities in Patient Decision Aids: Fundamental Principles," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 41(7), pages 821-833, October.
    13. Holly O. Witteman & Anne-Sophie Julien & Ruth Ndjaboue & Nicole L. Exe & Valerie C. Kahn & Angela (Angie) Fagerlin & Brian J. Zikmund-Fisher, 2020. "What Helps People Make Values-Congruent Medical Decisions? Eleven Strategies Tested across 6 Studies," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 40(3), pages 266-278, April.
    14. Rachel Thompson & Zoe Paskins & Barry G. Main & Thaddeus Mason Pope & Evelyn C. Y. Chan & Ben W. Moulton & Michael J. Barry & Clarence H. Braddock III, 2021. "Addressing Conflicts of Interest in Health and Medicine: Current Evidence and Implications for Patient Decision Aid Development," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 41(7), pages 768-779, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Dawn Stacey & Robert J. Volk, 2021. "The International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) Collaboration: Evidence Update 2.0," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 41(7), pages 729-733, October.
    2. Juan Marcos Gonzalez Sepulveda & F. Reed Johnson & Shelby D. Reed & Charles Muiruri & Carolyn A. Hutyra & Richard C. Mather III, 2023. "Patient-Preference Diagnostics: Adapting Stated-Preference Methods to Inform Effective Shared Decision Making," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 43(2), pages 214-226, February.
    3. Avery C. Bechthold & Christopher E. Knoepke & Deborah B. Ejem & Colleen K. McIlvennan & Rachel D. Wells & Daniel D. Matlock & Marie A. Bakitas & J. Nicholas Dionne-Odom, 2023. "How Values Are Discussed, Reflected Upon, and Acted On by Patients and Family Caregivers in the Context of Heart Failure: A Scoping Review," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 43(4), pages 508-520, May.

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