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Contracting Matters: Hedging Producers and Consumers With a Renewable Energy Pool

Author

Listed:
  • Karsten Neuhoff
  • Fernanda Ballesteros
  • Mats Kröger
  • Jörn C. Richstein

Abstract

Renewable energy installations are rapidly gaining market share due to falling technology costs and supportive policies. Meanwhile, the energy price crisis in 2022 shifted the energy policy debate toward the question of how consumers can better benefit from the low and stable generation costs of renewable electricity. Long-term contracts for renewable energy to link producers and consumers are an option to address these concerns. Various market failures limit the potential for bilateral contract structures between power producers and consumers. Hence, we assess the option of a government-backed Renewable Energy Pool which tenders long-term contracts with new renewable projects and passes the pooled contracts on to consumers who thereby benefit from reliably lower-cost electricity supply. We assess the effect of the measure on producers and consumers of clean electricity, as well as the incentives for investing in flexibility options. JEL Classification: D44, D47, G32, L94

Suggested Citation

  • Karsten Neuhoff & Fernanda Ballesteros & Mats Kröger & Jörn C. Richstein, 2025. "Contracting Matters: Hedging Producers and Consumers With a Renewable Energy Pool," The Energy Journal, , vol. 46(4), pages 203-225, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:enejou:v:46:y:2025:i:4:p:203-225
    DOI: 10.1177/01956574251325486
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Neuhoff, Karsten & Richstein, Jörn C. & Kröger, Mats, 2023. "Reacting to changing paradigms: How and why to reform electricity markets," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    2. Nils May & Karsten Neuhoff, 2019. "Private langfristige Stromabnahmeverträge (PPAs) für erneuerbare Energien: kein Ersatz für öffentliche Ausschreibungen," DIW aktuell 22, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
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    8. repec:aen:journl:ej37-4-petitet is not listed on IDEAS
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    11. May, Nils, 2017. "The impact of wind power support schemes on technology choices," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 343-354.
    12. Mats Kröger & Karsten Neuhoff & Jörn C. Richstein, 2022. "Contracts for Difference Support the Expansion of Renewable Energy Sources while Reducing Electricity Price Risks," DIW Weekly Report, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 12(35/36), pages 205-213.
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    Cited by:

    1. Abuzayed, A., 2025. "From Model Optimality to Market Reality: Do Electricity Markets Support Renewable Investments?," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 2558, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    2. Leon Stolle & Jonas Boeschemeier & Benjamin F. Hobbs & Karsten Neuhoff, 2026. "Designing Hedging Instruments for Locational Price Risks – Lessons from North American Financial Transmission Rights," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 2156, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    3. Anas Abuzayed, 2025. "From model optimality to market reality: do electricity markets support renewable investments?," Working Papers EPRG2521, Energy Policy Research Group, Cambridge Judge Business School, University of Cambridge.
    4. Mili, Sabrina & Côté, Elizabeth, 2025. "Green on demand? Offtaker preferences for corporate power purchase agreements," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • D44 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Auctions
    • D47 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Market Design
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • L94 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Electric Utilities

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