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Pathways of Democratic Backsliding, Resistance, and (Partial) Recoveries

Author

Listed:
  • Rachel Beatty Riedl
  • Jennifer McCoy
  • Kenneth Roberts
  • Murat Somer

Abstract

We provide an analytical framework that identifies three distinct institutional pathways for democratic backsliding that culminate in executive aggrandizement: legislative capture, plebiscitary override, and executive power grabs. We also identify a fourth pathway of elite collusion that erodes democracy without necessarily concentrating powers in the executive. These four pathways reflect different combinations of ruling and opposition party strength, institutional legitimacy, and levels of popular support and political mobilization. The pathways also open and close different institutional and societal arenas where opposition forces can counter backsliding, and they create different opportunities, challenges, and dilemmas for democratic actors. The 15 case studies featured in this volume illustrate how backsliding occurs along these pathways, and how democratic actors achieved partial reversal in some cases. The cases also suggest focal points of resistance and institutional and programmatic reform that may be helpful to policymakers and advocates working to defend democracy.

Suggested Citation

  • Rachel Beatty Riedl & Jennifer McCoy & Kenneth Roberts & Murat Somer, 2024. "Pathways of Democratic Backsliding, Resistance, and (Partial) Recoveries," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 712(1), pages 8-31, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:anname:v:712:y:2024:i:1:p:8-31
    DOI: 10.1177/00027162251319909
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    1. Merkel, Wolfgang & Lührmann, Anna, 2021. "Resilience of democracies: responses to illiberal and authoritarian challenges," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 28(5), pages 869-884.
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