IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/rfh/jprjor/v8y2022i3p107-112.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Psychological Health of the Working Children in Hazardous Conditions: Challenges to Children Rights

Author

Listed:
  • Bushra Yasmeen

    (Associate Professor, School of Sociology, Minhaj University, Lahore)

  • Amir Hayat

    (Head/Assistant Professor, School of Sociology, Minhaj University, Lahore)

  • Sidra Noureen

    (Assistant Professor, School of Sociology, Minhaj University, Lahore)

Abstract

Children are the asset of any nation. Pakistan an under developing country is facing multidimensional and multilayered issues: growing population, poverty, unemployment, health etc. Children are 35% of the total population. Among them, 20% children 13-17 years of age are involved in the child labor. Hazardous working conditions affecting children physical, social, and psychological health. This study explores the psychological health of the working children who are working in hazardous conditions. Quantitative cross sectional study was conducted in Lahore city. Multistage sampling method was used. Out of nine towns, Samanabad Town was selected. Out of 35 Union Councils, Babu Sabu Shera Kot (Union Council 100) was selected. A sample of 351 children aged 5-14 years, working in different factory units, workshops, tea stalls, stores etc. was taken. Psychological health was measured by a Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SQR-20) developed by WHO. The data were analyzed by using descriptive (frequency, percentage) and inferential statistics (one way ANOVA). Findings of the study reflected that highest proportion of the children belonged to 12-14 years, educational level of children under primary, belonged to large family where father education and income level was at the lowest. These children were working from the last 2-3 years forced by the family to get financial support. Those who never goes to school experienced more psychological pressures (p=.009) as compared to those who ever goes to school (p=.000). Results showed that the intensity of psychological pressure decreased as the education increase. Family pressure and the hazardous working environment both significantly influence the psychological health of the working children. Hazardous and stressful working conditions, pressure of family to provide financial support to meet the livelihood in poor socio-economic conditions dismantling the psychological health of the working children. Child labor is not only destroying the social fabric but also creating unhealthy social environment for the children and for the communities.

Suggested Citation

  • Bushra Yasmeen & Amir Hayat & Sidra Noureen, 2022. "Psychological Health of the Working Children in Hazardous Conditions: Challenges to Children Rights," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(3), pages 107-112, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:rfh:jprjor:v:8:y:2022:i:3:p:107-112
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://jprpk.com/index.php/jpr/article/view/77/112
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://jprpk.com/index.php/jpr/article/view/77
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Eric V. Edmonds & Nina Pavcnik, 2005. "Child Labor in the Global Economy," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 19(1), pages 199-220, Winter.
    2. A.F. Aisha Ghaus & Hafiz A. Pasha & Rafia Ghaus, 1996. "Social Development Ranking of Districts of Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 35(4), pages 593-614.
    3. Waqas Shair & Muhammad Tariq Majeed, "undated". "Labor Market Outcomes Of Non-Migrant Members In Response To Remittances: Evidence From Provincial Capital Of Punjab And Khyber Pakhtunkhawa (Kpk)," Review of Socio - Economic Perspectives 202047, Reviewsep.
    4. Muhammad Qasim & Zahid Pervaiz & A. R. Chaudhary, 2018. "Status of Human Development in Punjab (Pakistan)," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 7(4), pages 138-155, December.
    5. Mohamad Kassem & Amjad Ali & Marc Audi, 2019. "Unemployment Rate, Population Density and Crime Rate in Punjab (Pakistan): An Empirical Analysis," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(2), pages 92-104, June.
    6. Ayesha Haider & Amjad Ali, 2015. "Socio-Economic Determinants of Crimes: A Cross-Sectional Study of Punjab Districts," International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research (IJEER), The Economics and Social Development Organization (TESDO), vol. 3(11), pages 550-560, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Saria Hameed & Mumtaz Anwar Chaudhry, 2022. "Factors Affecting the Consumer Satisfaction with the Role of Social Media Influencers in Ready to Wear Clothing Brands," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(3), pages 98-106, December.
    2. Waqas Shair & Tatheer Zahra & Muhammad Tayyab & Neelam Kubra, 2022. "The Impact of the Digital Divide on Wage Gaps among Individuals in Pakistan," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(4), pages 97-107, December.
    3. Muhammad Bilal Ahmad & Ghulam Mustafa & Dr. Muhammad Asif Shahzad, 2021. "A Comparative Study Of Public And Private Students’ Attitude Towards Learning English At Secondary School Level," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(4), pages 101-106, December.
    4. Zerish Tasleem & Muhammad Hatim & Mahnoor Malik & Muhammad Nadeem & Muhammad Tariq Ramzan, 2022. "The Impact Of Health Facilities On Rural Poverty In Southern Punjab, Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 104-109, June.
    5. Yannick Roussel & Amjad Ali & Marc Audi, 2021. "Measuring The Money Demand In Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(1), pages 27-41, March.
    6. Arzoo Mushtaq & Shahnawaz Malik & Muhammad Hanif Akhtar, 2022. "Nonlinear Taylor Rule And Inflation-Targeting In Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 185-197, June.
    7. Naveed Mushtaq & Muhammad Asim & Mohsin Raza Khan & Tanveer Illahi & Abdul Qayyum, 2021. "Impact Of Employee Displayed Emotion On Perceived Waiting Time Of Clients Among Islamic Banks Of Paksitan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(1), pages 99-113, March.
    8. Aftab Anwar & Mubashar Nadeem & Gulfam Nawaz & Ambreen Siddique, 2021. "Socio-Economic Crisis Of The Mothers Of Special Children During Covid-19: A Reflective Study," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(4), pages 22-27, December.
    9. Khalil Ahmad & Ismail Senturk, 2021. "Health Structure, Nutrition And Economic Growth In Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(1), pages 42-50, March.
    10. Asif Sajid & Atif Khan Jadoon, 2020. "The level of Customer Satisfaction in Public and Private Banks in Lahore," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 6(2), pages 1-23–29, December.
    11. Muhammad Hatim & Zerish Tasleem & Muhammad Nadeem, 2022. "The Influence Of Education And Health On Rural Household Poverty: A Moderating Role Of Culture In Punjab, Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 120-133, June.
    12. Fiaz Ahmad Sulehri & Usman Ahmed & Wajid Alim, 2021. "Black Economy, Financial Inclusion, Financial Liberalization Nexus: A Panel Analysis Of Developing Countries," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(3), pages 65-77, September.
    13. Abdul Hai Rathore & Abdullah Sahi, 2022. "The impact of Corporate Governance on voluntary disclosure of R&D expenditure of USA Pharmaceutical firms," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(2), pages 34-53, August.
    14. Adeeba Rasheed & Anam Bashir, 2020. "Does Plastic Money Impact the Consumer Buying Behavior in Pakistan?," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 6(2), pages 1-18–22, December.
    15. Shahzad Hassan & Norazah Mohd Suki, 2022. "Plea For Customer Citizenship Behaviour: Mediating Role Of Customer Engagement And Customer Perceived Stress," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 9-19, June.
    16. Kalsoom Zulfiqar & Atif Khan Jadoon, 2019. "The Causes of Deforestation: An Empirical Study of Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(4), pages 191-204, December.
    17. Muhammad Qasim & Zahid Pervaiz & A. R. Chaudhary, 2018. "Status of Human Development in Punjab (Pakistan)," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 7(4), pages 138-155, December.
    18. Meher-un-Nisa & Hafiz Muhammad Abubakar Siddique, 2022. "Climate Change and Women Health Nexus: Evidence from District Gujranwala," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(2), pages 54-66, August.
    19. Tariq Hussain & Ahmad Raza Ul Mustafa & Makhdum M.I. & Kaleem Ullah, 2022. "Defense Expenditures, Fiscal Deficit And Debt Servicing Nexus: A Case Study Of Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 74-83, June.
    20. Shakil Ahmad & Muhammad Waqas Khan, 2021. "Investigating The Effect Of Foreign Direct Investment (Fdi) And Foreign Remittances On Economic Growth In Pakistan (1990-2018): A Time Series Analysis Using Ardl Model Approach," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(1), pages 1-7, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:rfh:jprjor:v:8:y:2022:i:3:p:107-112. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Dr. Muhammad Irfan Chani (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/rffhlpk.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.