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La transmission des politiques monétaires dans les pays européens

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  • Fernando Barran
  • Virginie Coudert
  • Benoît Mojon

Abstract

[fre] La transmission de la politique monétaire dépend de nombreux facteurs, réels et financiers. Ici, l'incidence des facteurs financiers est étudiée d'un point de vue empirique pour les pays de l'Union européenne. Liaison entre les taux d'intérêt bancaires et le taux du marché monétaire, pratiques d'indexation du crédit, facilité de l'accès au crédit pur les ménages, structure des actifs et des passifs sont analysées de façon à déceler les différences entre les pays européens qui pourraient entraîner des divergences dans la transmission de la politique monétaire. Des estimations sur modèles VAR sont ensuite proposées pour évaluer l'effet de la politique monétaire dans les différents pays. Le premier article est complété par un deuxième texte analysant l'opportunité d'utiliser des modèles VAR. La méthode VAR présente un certain nombre d'avantages mais s'accompagne aussi de nombreuses difficultés, dont il est nécessaire d'avoir conscience avant utilisation. Les hypothèses sous-jacentes aux différentes méthodes d'identification sont explicitées. La troisième contribution reprend la question de la transmission de la politique monétaire en Europe en s'appuyant sur les études menées à la BRI sur cette question. [eng] The effects of monetary policy way vary from one country to another for various reasons. The impact of monetary policy, even when such policy is concentrated on interest rates, may have numerous effects : on credit, on the quality of moneh and on the substitution of other financiel products. Its consequences for real activity and prices are determined by monetary policy transmission channels taken as a whole, and by their respective importance. The regulatory framework of banking, as well as banking practices specific to each country and the structure of assets and liabilities may also play a role in the various reactions by non- financial agents to interest rate changes. This issue is crucial to European Monetary Union. If a common monetary policy is implemented, it will have to be able to produce the same results from one country to another. The second paper highlights the pros and cons of VAR methodology. As a matter of facts, VAR implementation involve assumptions which are not always clearly stated. This paper particularly emphasive the role of identification in VAR models. Finally, the third paper presents the results of research undertaken at the BIS on the transmission channels of monetary policy in Europe.

Suggested Citation

  • Fernando Barran & Virginie Coudert & Benoît Mojon, 1997. "La transmission des politiques monétaires dans les pays européens," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 12(2), pages 133-158.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_1997_num_12_2_1022
    DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.1997.1022
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.1997.1022
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    Cited by:

    1. Maclennan, Duncan & Muellbauer, John & Stephens, Mark, 1998. "Asymmetries in Housing and Financial Market Institutions and EMU," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 14(3), pages 54-80, Autumn.
    2. Carlo A. Favero & Francesco Giavazzi & Luca Flabbi, 1999. "The Transmission Mechanism of Monetary Policy in Europe: Evidence from Banks' Balance Sheets," NBER Working Papers 7231, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Rudi Dornbusch & Carlo Favero & Francesco Giavazzi, 1998. "Immediate challenges for the European Central Bank," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 13(26), pages 16-64.
    4. Loupias, Claire & Savignac, Frédérique & Sevestre, Patrick, 2001. "Monetary policy and bank lending in France: are there asymmetries?," Working Paper Series 0101, European Central Bank.
    5. Alexis Penot, 2002. "Appréciations et conséquences possibles de l'hétérogénéité structurelle de la zone euro," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 65(1), pages 153-175.
    6. Patrick Lünnemann & Abdelaziz Rouabah, 2003. "Règle de Taylor: estimation et interprétation pour la zone euro et pour le Luxembourg," BCL working papers 9, Central Bank of Luxembourg.
    7. Loupias, Claire & Savignac, Frédérique & Sevestre, Patrick, 2001. "Monetary policy and bank lending in France: are there asymmetries?," Working Paper Series 101, European Central Bank.
    8. Michel Beine & Bertrand Candelon & Alain Hecq, 2000. "Assessing a Perfect European Optimum Currency Area: A Common Cycles Approach," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 27(2), pages 115-132, June.
    9. Giancarlo Corsetti & Paolo Pesenti, 1999. "Stability, Asymmetry, and Discontinuity: The Launch of European Monetary Union," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 30(2), pages 295-372.
    10. Lafrance, Robert & St-Amant, Pierre, 2000. "Les zones monétaires optimales," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 76(4), pages 577-612, décembre.

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