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La théorie des contrats dans un contexte expérimental : un survol des expériences sur les relations « principal-agent »

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  • Claudia Keser
  • Marc Willinger

Abstract

[eng] Most experiments designed to test the predictions of the principal-agent model have shown that the observed contract offers usually don't satisfy incentive compatibility, both when interactions between the principal and the agent are repeated and when the interaction is one-shot. In one-shot interaction experiments, most contracts avoid that the agent suffers losses. They also give the agent a larger share of the surplus of the contract than predicted by contract theory. When interactions are repeated, the probability that the contract will be accepted by the agent is increasing with the level of the payments offered by the principal. If the contract is accepted, the effort level chosen is often larger than the one predicted by incentive compatibility. Several theoretical possibilities to explain these results are suggested. [fre] Les expériences qui ont testé les prédictions du modèle principal-agent, ont révélé que la plupart des contrats offerts ne respectaient pas la contrainte d'incitation, à la fois dans les situations où l'interaction entre un principal et un agent est répétée pendant plusieurs périodes et dans les situations où l'interaction est limitée à une seule période. Dans ce dernier cas les contrats proposés sont souvent favorables à l'agent, en réduisant ses chances de réaliser des pertes et en induisant un partage plus équitable du surplus du contrat que ce que prédit la théorie. Dans les cas où les interactions sont répétées, la probabilité d'acceptation du contrat par l'agent est croissante avec le niveau des rémunérations offertes par le principal, et lorsque le contrat est accepté l'agent fournit souvent un niveau d'effort plus élevé que celui qui est prédit par les contraintes d'incitation. Nous suggérons plusieurs alternatives pour prendre en compte ces observations d'un point de vue théorique.

Suggested Citation

  • Claudia Keser & Marc Willinger, 2000. "La théorie des contrats dans un contexte expérimental : un survol des expériences sur les relations « principal-agent »," Revue d'Économie Industrielle, Programme National Persée, vol. 92(1), pages 237-253.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recind:rei_0154-3229_2000_num_92_1_1049
    DOI: 10.3406/rei.2000.1049
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rei.2000.1049
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    Cited by:

    1. Bougherara Douadia & Piguet Virginie, 2009. "Market Behavior with Environmental Quality Information Costs," Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization, De Gruyter, vol. 7(2), pages 1-28, December.
    2. Douadia Bougherara & Virginie Piguet, 2008. "Marchés avec coûts d'information sur la qualité des biens : une application aux produits écolabellisés," Economie & Prévision, La Documentation Française, vol. 0(1), pages 77-96.

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