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Quelques réflexions à propos du point de vue des économistes sur le rôle de la structure organisationnelle dans l'économie

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  • Alan Kirman

Abstract

[fre] La notion de structure organisationnelle et de réseau de relations interpersonnelles est centrale dans la plupart des sciences sociales. Pourtant, ces aspects préoccupent relativement peu les économistes. Cette note tente d'en déterminer les raisons. La préoccupation de base des économistes a été de définir les états d'équilibre d'une économie résultant des choix d'individus optimisateurs mais tous autonomes. Ceci est dû aux origines de l'économie théorique moderne et au fait que les économistes persistent à vouloir travailler sur une base micro-économique rigoureuse. Je donne plusieurs exemples de l'impact de la structure organisationnelle sur l'activité économique au niveau agrégé. Étant donnée l'importance de celle-là, je suggère que les économistes s'intéressent davantage aux interactions directes entre les agents économiques et à l'évolution des réseaux gouvernant ces interactions. Ceci permettrait d'expliquer des comportements macro-économiques qui cadrent mal avec le modèle standard et rapprocherait la vision de l'économie de celle des autres sciences sociales. [eng] Organisational structure and networks of interpersonal relations are a central preoccupation for most social scientists. However these aspects of economic activity have received relatively little attention from economists. The idea of this paper is to explain why this is so. The basic theme of economics has been to explain how equilibrium states of the economy at the aggregate level occur as the result of the optimising behaviour of autonomous individuals. This is due to the origins of modern economic theory and to the fact that economists insist on rigorous microeconomic foundations for their theories. I give several examples of the impact of the organisational structure of the economy on aggregate economic outcomes. Given the importance of this I suggest that economists should give greater consideration to direct interpersonal interaction and to the evolution of the network governing those interactions. This will enable us to account for certain macroeconomic phenomena which are difficult to explain with standard economic theory and would also bring us closer to the other social sciences.

Suggested Citation

  • Alan Kirman, 1999. "Quelques réflexions à propos du point de vue des économistes sur le rôle de la structure organisationnelle dans l'économie," Revue d'Économie Industrielle, Programme National Persée, vol. 88(1), pages 91-110.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recind:rei_0154-3229_1999_num_88_1_1746
    DOI: 10.3406/rei.1999.1746
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rei.1999.1746
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    Cited by:

    1. Marie Coris & Vincent Frigant & Jean-Bernard Layan & Damien Talbot, 2011. "Les dynamiques spatiales des activités productives," Post-Print hal-02385445, HAL.
    2. Marie Coris, 2008. "Proximités et délocalisations : le cas du logiciel," Revue d'économie régionale et urbaine, Armand Colin, vol. 0(3), pages 361-380.

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