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Cohabitation et mariage : qui vit avec qui ?

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  • Pierre-Alain Audirac

Abstract

[spa] Convivencia y matrimonio: ¿ Quién vive con quién? - El agudo incremento del divorcioy su extension entre casi todas las categorías sociales en 1981 (un 6 % de las mujeres que cuentan de 35 à 54 anos están divorciadas) corren pareja con el incremento de la solteria (la probabilidad de vivir en pareja aminoró entre personas menores de 30 anos) y el incremento sumanente rápido del matrimonio consensual. De cada 100 parejas en las que el varón cuenta menos de 35 años, 11 son uniones ilegítimas; la proporción alcanza un 22 % en el conglomerado parisino. En 1975, en su mayoría, las esposas de obreros permanecian en su hogar. En 1981 son mayormente activas, bien sea en calidad de obreras (con la misma frecuencia que en 1975), empleadas o empleadas de hogar. Por lo general, cuando la mujer desempena una actividad profesional, la equiparación de su categoría social y profesional con la del varón manifiesta una patente homogamia. Cuando permanece en el hogar, el estudio de su nivel de diploma remata en la misma comprobación. ¿Pone a debate su categoría social y profesional la convivencia fuera del matrimonio? Todavia no es factible decir si el desarrollo de la union ilegítima influye o no en los cambios sociales [fre] La vive augmentation du divorce et sa diffusion dans presque toutes les classes sociales (en 1981, 6 % des femmes de 35 à 54 ans sont divorcées) vont de pair avec le développement du célibat (la probabilité de vivre en couple a diminué parmi les moins de 30 ans) et celui, très rapide, de l'union libre. Sur 100 couples où l'homme a moins de 35 ans, 11 sont illégitimes; la proportion atteint 22 % dans l'agglomération parisienne. En 1975, les conjointes d'ouvriers restaient en majorité au foyer. En 1981, elles sont en majorité actives, soit ouvrières (aussi fréquemment qu'en 1975), soit employées ou personnel de service. D'une manière générale, quand la femme est active, la comparaison de sa catégorie socioprofessionnelle et de celle de l'homme montre une forte homogamie. Quand elle est au foyer, l'étude de son niveau de diplôme aboutit au même constat. La cohabitation hors mariage le remet-elle en cause? On ne peut encore dire si le développement de l'union libre est ou non, de ce point de vue, porteur de mutations sociales. [eng] Cohabitation and Marriage : Who is Living with Whom? - The sharp increase in the divorce rate and its extension to virtually all social categories (in 1981, 6 % of women between 35 and 54 were divorced) is accompanied by the increase in the single life (the chances of living as a couple have decreased among the under-thirty age group) and the rapid rise of unmarried couples. Of 100 couples in which the man is under 35, 11 are not married. The percentage is 22 % in the Parisian area. In 1975, the majority of workers' wives and cohabitants remained at home. In 1981, the majority held a job, either as workers (as often as in 1975) or as office or domestic staff. In general, when the woman worked, her socio-professional category tended to be highly comparable to that of the man she lived with. Likewise, when she remained at home, her educational level tended to be similar to her husband's. Is cohabitation outside marriage changing this pattern? It is too early to say if the development of unmarried couples is creating social change in this area.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre-Alain Audirac, 1982. "Cohabitation et mariage : qui vit avec qui ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 145(1), pages 41-59.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1982_num_145_1_4627
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1982.4627
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1982.4627
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    Cited by:

    1. Jean-Pierre Courson & Michel de Saboulin, 1985. "Ménages et familles : vers de nouveaux modes de vie ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 175(1), pages 3-20.
    2. Michel Forsé, 1986. "Le recul du mariage," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 16(1), pages 217-234.
    3. Louis Dirn & Denis Stoclet, 1985. "Travail des femmes et structures sociales," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 10(1), pages 83-108.
    4. Mélanie Vanderschelden, 2006. "Homogamie socioprofessionnelle et ressemblance en termes de niveau d'études : constat et évolution au fil des cohortes d'unions," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 398(1), pages 33-58.
    5. Jeanne Fagnani, 1984. "Marital Status and Occupational Structures in the Ile-de-France Region," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 21(2), pages 139-148, May.
    6. Michel Villac, 1983. "Les structures familiales se transforment profondément," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 152(1), pages 39-53.
    7. Michel Villac, 1984. "Structures familiales et milieux sociaux," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 171(1), pages 135-151.
    8. Claire Sarma, 1985. "La cohabitation hors mariage : un mode de vie différent ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 179(1), pages 47-52.

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