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Turgot et le fondement subjectif de la valeur

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  • Guido Erreygers

Abstract

[fre] Dans l'article court et inachevé « Valeurs et monnaies » (1769 ?) Turgot esquissait une théorie de la valeur basée sur des fondements subjectifs. En premier lieu je soumets les propositions de Turgot à un examen critique. Ainsi je démontre que l'une des idées fondamentales de Turgot, à savoir que le gain de l'échange doit être le même pour le vendeur et pour l'acheteur, est intenable. Plus généralement, la piste suivie par Turgot ne s'avère guère prometteuse. En deuxième lieu j'essaie de voir dans quelle mesure les propositions de Turgot peuvent être considérées comme une anticipation de la théorie néoclassique de la valeur. Je montre qu'il est possible de reformuler la théorie de Turgot en termes néoclassiques. Ce qui sépare Turgot de la tradition néoclassique, toutefois, est l'absence du principe de maximisation de l'utilité. [eng] In his short and unfinished article « Valeurs et Monnaies » (1769 ?) Turgot outlined a theory of value based on subjective foundations. First of all I critically examine Tur- got's propositions. In this way I demonstrate that one of his fundamental ideas, viz. that the gain of exchange has to be the same of the buyer and for the seller, cannot be hold. More in general, the road taken by Turgot hardly appears to be promising. In the second place I try to find out to what extent Turgot's propositions can be regarded as an anticipation of the neoclassical theory of value. I show that it is possible to reformulate Turgot's theory in neoclassical terms. What separates Turgot from the neoclassical tradition, however, is the absence of the principle of utility maximization.

Suggested Citation

  • Guido Erreygers, 1990. "Turgot et le fondement subjectif de la valeur," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 18(1), pages 149-169.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:caecpo:cep_0154-8344_1990_num_18_1_1103
    DOI: 10.3406/cep.1990.1103
    Note: DOI:10.3406/cep.1990.1103
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    Cited by:

    1. José M. Menudo, 2007. "A.-R.-J. Turgot on a General Market: Competition, Price and History," Working Papers 07.07, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Department of Economics.

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