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Linguistic correlates of societal variation: A quantitative analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Sihan Chen
  • David Gil
  • Sergey Gaponov
  • Jana Reifegerste
  • Tessa Yuditha
  • Tatiana Tatarinova
  • Ljiljana Progovac
  • Antonio Benítez-Burraco

Abstract

Traditionally, many researchers have supported a uniformitarian view whereby all languages are of roughly equal complexity, facilitated by internal trade-offs between complexity at different levels, such as morphology and syntax. The extent to which the speakers’ societies influence the trade-offs has not been well studied. In this paper, we focus on morphology and syntax, and report significant correlations between specific linguistic and societal features, in particular those relating to exoteric (open) vs. esoteric (close-knit) society types, characterizable in terms of population size, mobility, communication across distances, etc. We conduct an exhaustive quantitative analysis drawing upon WALS, D-Place, Ethnologue and Glottolog, finding some support for our hypothesis that languages spoken by exoteric societies tend towards more complex syntaxes, while languages spoken by esoteric societies tend towards more complex morphologies.

Suggested Citation

  • Sihan Chen & David Gil & Sergey Gaponov & Jana Reifegerste & Tessa Yuditha & Tatiana Tatarinova & Ljiljana Progovac & Antonio Benítez-Burraco, 2024. "Linguistic correlates of societal variation: A quantitative analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(4), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0300838
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300838
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Seán Roberts & James Winters, 2013. "Linguistic Diversity and Traffic Accidents: Lessons from Statistical Studies of Cultural Traits," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(8), pages 1-13, August.
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