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The association between all-cause mortality and HIV acquisition risk groups in the United States, 2001–2014

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Listed:
  • Fatma M Shebl
  • Yiqi Qian
  • Julia H A Foote
  • Nattanicha Wattananimitgul
  • Krishna P Reddy
  • Anne M Neilan
  • Andrea L Ciaranello
  • Elena Losina
  • Kenneth A Freedberg
  • Emily P Hyle

Abstract

Objective: To investigate associations between all-cause mortality and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition risk groups among people without HIV in the United States. Methods: We used data from 23,657 (NHANES) participants (2001–2014) and the Linked Mortality File to classify individuals without known HIV into HIV acquisition risk groups: people who ever injected drugs (ever-PWID); men who have sex with men (MSM); heterosexually active people at increased risk for HIV (HIH), using low income as a proxy for increased risk. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate adjusted and unadjusted all-cause mortality hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Compared with sex-specific heterosexually active people at average risk for HIV (HAH), the adjusted HR (95% CI) were: male ever-PWID 1.67 (1.14, 2.46), female ever-PWID 3.50 (2.04, 6.01), MSM 1.51 (1.00, 2.27), male HIH 1.68 (1.04, 2.06), female HIH 2.35 (1.87, 2.95), and male ever-PWID 1.67 (1.14, 2.46). Conclusions: Most people at increased risk for HIV in the US experience higher all-cause mortality than people at average risk. Strategies addressing social determinants that increase HIV risk should be incorporated into HIV prevention and other health promotion programs.

Suggested Citation

  • Fatma M Shebl & Yiqi Qian & Julia H A Foote & Nattanicha Wattananimitgul & Krishna P Reddy & Anne M Neilan & Andrea L Ciaranello & Elena Losina & Kenneth A Freedberg & Emily P Hyle, 2023. "The association between all-cause mortality and HIV acquisition risk groups in the United States, 2001–2014," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(8), pages 1-12, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0290113
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290113
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    1. Frisch, M. & Brønnum-Hansen, H., 2009. "Mortality among men and women in same-sex marriage: A national cohort study of 8333 danes," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 99(1), pages 133-137.
    2. Cochran, S.D. & Mays, V.M., 2011. "Sexual orientation and mortality among US men aged 17 to 59 years: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(6), pages 1133-1138.
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