IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pone00/0277312.html

Effect of a one-time financial incentive on linkage to chronic hypertension care in Kenya and Uganda: A randomized controlled trial

Author

Listed:
  • Matthew D Hickey
  • Asiphas Owaraganise
  • Norton Sang
  • Fredrick J Opel
  • Erick Wafula Mugoma
  • James Ayieko
  • Jane Kabami
  • Gabriel Chamie
  • Elijah Kakande
  • Maya L Petersen
  • Laura B Balzer
  • Moses R Kamya
  • Diane V Havlir

Abstract

Background: Fewer than 10% of people with hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa are diagnosed, linked to care, and achieve hypertension control. We hypothesized that a one-time financial incentive and phone call reminder for missed appointments would increase linkage to hypertension care following community-based screening in rural Uganda and Kenya. Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, we conducted community-based hypertension screening and enrolled adults ≥25 years with blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg on three measures; we excluded participants with known hypertension or hypertensive emergency. The intervention was transportation reimbursement upon linkage (~$5 USD) and up to three reminder phone calls for those not linking within seven days. Control participants received a clinic referral only. Outcomes were linkage to hypertension care within 30 days (primary) and hypertension control

Suggested Citation

  • Matthew D Hickey & Asiphas Owaraganise & Norton Sang & Fredrick J Opel & Erick Wafula Mugoma & James Ayieko & Jane Kabami & Gabriel Chamie & Elijah Kakande & Maya L Petersen & Laura B Balzer & Moses R, 2022. "Effect of a one-time financial incentive on linkage to chronic hypertension care in Kenya and Uganda: A randomized controlled trial," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(11), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0277312
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277312
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0277312
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0277312&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pone.0277312?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. de Walque, Damien & Chukwuma, Adanna & Ayivi-Guedehoussou, Nono & Koshkakaryan, Marianna, 2022. "Invitations, incentives, and conditions: A randomized evaluation of demand-side interventions for health screenings," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    2. Rosenblum Michael & van der Laan Mark J., 2010. "Simple, Efficient Estimators of Treatment Effects in Randomized Trials Using Generalized Linear Models to Leverage Baseline Variables," The International Journal of Biostatistics, De Gruyter, vol. 6(1), pages 1-44, April.
    3. Margaret L McNairy & Matthew R Lamb & Averie B Gachuhi & Harriet Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha & Sean Burke & Sikhathele Mazibuko & Velephi Okello & Peter Ehrenkranz & Ruben Sahabo & Wafaa M El-Sadr, 2017. "Effectiveness of a combination strategy for linkage and retention in adult HIV care in Swaziland: The Link4Health cluster randomized trial," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(11), pages 1-20, November.
    4. de Walque, Damien, 2020. "The use of financial incentives to prevent unhealthy behaviors: A review," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Magirr, Dominic & Wang, Craig & Przybylski, Alexander & Baillie, Mark, 2024. "Estimating the variance of covariate-adjusted estimators of average treatment effects in clinical trials with binary endpoints," OSF Preprints k56v8, Center for Open Science.
    2. repec:osf:osfxxx:k56v8_v1 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Petracca, Francesco & Ardito, Vittoria & Sala, Francesca & Bertolaso, Guido & Menichelli, Lorenzo & Vecchio, Riccardo & Tarricone, Rosanna, 2025. "Harnessing financial incentives for health promotion: A scoping review of prevention programs implemented in upper-middle and high-income countries," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 383(C).
    4. Inghels, Maxime & Kim, Hae-Young & Mathenjwa, Thulile & Shahmanesh, Maryam & Seeley, Janet & Wyke, Sally & McGrath, Nuala & Sartorius, Benn & Yapa, H. Manisha & Dobra, Adrian & Bärnighausen, Till & Ta, 2022. "Can a conditional financial incentive (CFI) reduce socio-demographic inequalities in home-based HIV testing uptake? A secondary analysis of the HITS clinical trial intervention in rural South Africa," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).
    5. Tomu Hirata & Undral Byambadalai & Tatsushi Oka & Shota Yasui & Shingo Uto, 2025. "Efficient and Scalable Estimation of Distributional Treatment Effects with Multi-Task Neural Networks," Papers 2507.07738, arXiv.org.
    6. Marcus, Maja E. & Reuter, Anna & Rogge, Lisa & Vollmer, Sebastian, 2024. "The effect of SMS reminders on health screening uptake: A randomized experiment in Indonesia," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    7. Rohde, Nicholas, 2024. "Child gender and differences in risky health behavior among parents," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 340(C).
    8. Roberto Aringhieri & Patrick Hirsch & Marion S. Rauner & Melanie Reuter-Oppermanns & Margit Sommersguter-Reichmann, 2022. "Central European journal of operations research (CJOR) “operations research applied to health services (ORAHS) in Europe: general trends and ORAHS 2020 conference in Vienna, Austria”," Central European Journal of Operations Research, Springer;Slovak Society for Operations Research;Hungarian Operational Research Society;Czech Society for Operations Research;Österr. Gesellschaft für Operations Research (ÖGOR);Slovenian Society Informatika - Section for Operational Research;Croatian Operational Research Society, vol. 30(1), pages 1-18, March.
    9. Tatsushi Oka & Shota Yasui & Yuta Hayakawa & Undral Byambadalai, 2024. "Regression Adjustment for Estimating Distributional Treatment Effects in Randomized Controlled Trials," Papers 2407.14074, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2025.
    10. Zhenke Wu & Constantine E. Frangakis & Thomas A. Louis & Daniel O. Scharfstein, 2014. "Estimation of treatment effects in matched-pair cluster randomized trials by calibrating covariate imbalance between clusters," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 70(4), pages 1014-1022, December.
    11. Elizabeth R Stevens & Lingfeng Li & Kimberly A Nucifora & Qinlian Zhou & Margaret L McNairy & Averie Gachuhi & Matthew R Lamb & Harriet Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha & Ruben Sahabo & Velephi Okello & Wafaa M E, 2018. "Cost-effectiveness of a combination strategy to enhance the HIV care continuum in Swaziland: Link4Health," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(9), pages 1-17, September.
    12. Sahabi Kabir Sulaiman & Muhammad Sale Musa & Fatimah Isma’il Tsiga-Ahmed & Abdulwahab Kabir Sulaiman & Abdulaziz Tijjani Bako, 2024. "A systematic review and meta-analysis of the global prevalence and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake in people living with HIV," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 100-114, January.
    13. Omar Galárraga & Marta Wilson-Barthes & Carlos Chivardi & Nathalie Gras-Allain & Fernando Alarid-Escudero & Monica Gandhi & Kenneth H. Mayer & Don Operario, 2025. "Incentivizing adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: a randomized pilot trial among male sex workers in Mexico," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 26(2), pages 299-311, March.
    14. Ioana Filipas & François Marmier & Nathalie Picard, 2024. "A Framework For Analysing Sustainability Trade-Offs. Focus At Company Level," Working Papers of BETA 2024-04, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, UDS, Strasbourg.
    15. Shota Yasui & Tatsushi Oka & Undral Byambadalai & Yuki Oishi, 2026. "Distributional Treatment Effects of Content Promotion: Evidence from an ABEMA Field Experiment," Papers 2601.11185, arXiv.org.
    16. Katie Potter & Brittany Masteller & Laura B. Balzer, 2021. "Examining Obedience Training as a Physical Activity Intervention for Dog Owners: Findings from the Stealth Pet Obedience Training (SPOT) Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-11, January.
    17. Rosenblum Michael & van der Laan Mark J., 2010. "Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation of the Parameter of a Marginal Structural Model," The International Journal of Biostatistics, De Gruyter, vol. 6(2), pages 1-30, April.
    18. Trang Quynh Nguyen & Elizabeth A. Stuart, 2020. "Propensity Score Analysis With Latent Covariates: Measurement Error Bias Correction Using the Covariate’s Posterior Mean, aka the Inclusive Factor Score," Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, , vol. 45(5), pages 598-636, October.
    19. Wei Zhang & Zhiwei Zhang & Aiyi Liu, 2023. "Optimizing treatment allocation in randomized clinical trials by leveraging baseline covariates," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 79(4), pages 2815-2829, December.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0277312. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosone (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.