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Comparisons of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in a High- Risk Population in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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  • Zhou Huan
  • Wang Fuzhi
  • Liu Lu
  • Zhang Min
  • Chen Xingzhi
  • Jin Shiyang

Abstract

Background: Reports on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence are scare in China; we performed this meta-analysis to estimate ART adherence rates in different populations at high risk for HIV transmission in China. Methods: We searched PubMed, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (Chinese), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (Chinese), and Wanfang (Chinese) to identify studies published from January 1985 to May 2015. We used random-effects meta-analysis to calculate weighted mean estimates across studies and 95% CIs. Data were pooled with proportions transformed prior to pooling using the Freeman–Tukey double arcsine transformation and then back transformed to the original scale. We calculated the I2 (and its 95% confidence intervals) and tau2 to assess between-study heterogeneity. Results: We identified 36 eligible articles, including 6885 HIV-positive individuals, reporting ART adherence. Pooled analysis produced an estimate of 77.61% (95% CI = 71.63–83.08) of patients with HIV with adequate adherence; however, high heterogeneity was observed between studies (I2 = 96.60%, 95%CI = 96.00%-97.20%; tau2 = 0.16). Three studies, which included 149 old HIV-infected patients, reported the highest ART adequate adherence rate (89.39%, 95% CI = 72.01–99.26) with high heterogeneity between the studies (I2 = 86.20%, 95%CI = 60.00–95.20%; tau2 = 0.13). While, only two studies, which included 143 heterosexual transmission group (HTG) patients, reported the lowest ART adequate adherence rate (51.55%, 95% CI = 41.33–61.71) with low heterogeneity between the studies (I2 = 31.3%, tau2 = 0.007). In the multivariable meta-regression model, high-risk populations was the main factor explaining heterogeneity (variance explained 28.14%). Conclusions: ART adherence in some high-risk populations (e.g., heterosexual transmission group) is below the recommended levels for maintaining virologic suppression. It is crucial to develop comprehensive intervention strategies to promote ART adherence in high-risk populations and effectively prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS in China.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhou Huan & Wang Fuzhi & Liu Lu & Zhang Min & Chen Xingzhi & Jin Shiyang, 2016. "Comparisons of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in a High- Risk Population in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-17, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0146659
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146659
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Evangelos Kontopantelis & David A Springate & David Reeves, 2013. "A Re-Analysis of the Cochrane Library Data: The Dangers of Unobserved Heterogeneity in Meta-Analyses," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(7), pages 1-14, July.
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    1. Gebrie Getu Alemu & Bantie Getnet Yirsaw & Tigabu Kidie Tesfie & Getaneh Awoke Yismaw & Habtamu Wagnew Abuhay & Meron Asmamaw Alemayehu & Muluken Chanie Agimas & Nebiyu Mekonnen Derseh, 2025. "Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and its associated factors among children living with HIV in Eastern and Southern Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 20(1), pages 1-21, January.

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