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Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and its associated factors among children living with HIV in Eastern and Southern Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Gebrie Getu Alemu
  • Bantie Getnet Yirsaw
  • Tigabu Kidie Tesfie
  • Getaneh Awoke Yismaw
  • Habtamu Wagnew Abuhay
  • Meron Asmamaw Alemayehu
  • Muluken Chanie Agimas
  • Nebiyu Mekonnen Derseh

Abstract

Background: Children living with HIV in low-income settings, such as in Eastern and Southern Africa, are at a high risk for poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy. However, various primary studies presented inconsistent and inconclusive estimates of adherence and its associated factors among children living with HIV in Eastern and Southern Africa. Therefore, we were aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of adherence and its associated factors, and to guide interventions efforts to support adherence, this comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. Methods: We have comprehensively searched PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Scopus, and Hinari databases for all primary studies. Unpublished studies were also searched manually and accessed from university repositories. Additional searches were conducted by examining the references in the included articles to further identify relevant studies. Data were extracted and analyzed using Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and STATA version 17 software, respectively. A random-effects DerSimonian-Laird model was used to compute the pooled prevalence of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among children living in Eastern and Southern Africa. We have used Cochran’s Q test (χ2) and Higgins I2 statistics to identify heterogeneity. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were conducted to investigate the potential sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by the funnel plot and Egger’s test. An association was expressed through the pooled adjusted odds ratio and statistical significance was considered at a p-value

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  • Gebrie Getu Alemu & Bantie Getnet Yirsaw & Tigabu Kidie Tesfie & Getaneh Awoke Yismaw & Habtamu Wagnew Abuhay & Meron Asmamaw Alemayehu & Muluken Chanie Agimas & Nebiyu Mekonnen Derseh, 2025. "Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and its associated factors among children living with HIV in Eastern and Southern Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 20(1), pages 1-21, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0312529
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312529
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhou Huan & Wang Fuzhi & Liu Lu & Zhang Min & Chen Xingzhi & Jin Shiyang, 2016. "Comparisons of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in a High- Risk Population in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-17, January.
    2. Isaac Boadu & Adom Manu & Richmond Nii Okai Aryeetey & Kwame Adjei Kesse & Marijanatu Abdulai & Emmanuel Acheampong & Robert Akparibo, 2023. "Adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV patients in Ghana: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS Global Public Health, Public Library of Science, vol. 3(11), pages 1-15, November.
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