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La ley de Okun en el Perú: 1970-2000

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  • Cecilia Garavito

    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú - Departamento de economía)

Abstract

The objective of this work is to analyze the existing relation between employment, unemployment and production, by means of the estimation of the Okun coefficient for the Peruvian Economy. A previous step consists in the estimation of the employment-production elasticity. Both parameters are important elements for macroeconomic policy design, and the evaluation of its effects on employment and welfare. Based on a cointegration analysis we find a positive long-term relation between the employment rate and Lima's GDP throughout the period, where the employment rate rises in 0.0288 percentage points for a rise of 1000 nuevos soles of 1979. We also estimate an Okun coefficient of 0.0845, its low value is only comparable with those of Japan, Bolivia and Argentina. In Peru's case, the reason for this low coefficient can be found in the procyclical behavior of the labor force, and in the fact that workers retire from the labor market when they lose their post. We also find that the rate of growth of the GDP must be at least of 3.31% in order to keep the unemployment rate from rising, and of about 11% to lower the unemployment rate in one point. Finally, we estimate recursive Okun coefficients based on the cyclical components of the series, which gives us a range between 0.02 and 0.12 for the whole period.

Suggested Citation

  • Cecilia Garavito, 2003. "La ley de Okun en el Perú: 1970-2000," Revista Economía, Fondo Editorial - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, issue 51-52, pages 189-238.
  • Handle: RePEc:pcp:pucrev:y:2005:i:51-52:p:189-238
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    Cited by:

    1. Nikita Céspedes Reynaga, 2020. "Crecer no es suficiente para reducir la informalidad," Capítulos de libros, in: Nikita Céspedes Reynaga & Norman V. Loayza & Nelson R. Ramírez Rondán (ed.), Crecimiento económico en el Perú: causas y consecuencias, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 6, pages 174-203, Universidad de San Martín de Porres.
    2. Maria Sylvina PORRAS‐ARENA & Ángel L. MARTÍN‐ROMÁN, 2023. "The correlation between unemployment and economic growth in Latin America – Okun's law estimates by country," International Labour Review, International Labour Organization, vol. 162(2), pages 171-198, June.
    3. Luis García, 2010. "Desprotección en la tercera edad ¿estamos preparados para enfrentar el envejecimiento de la población?," Investigaciones, Consorcio de Investigación Económica y Social.

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