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Interventions to reduce partisan animosity

Author

Listed:
  • Rachel Hartman

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Will Blakey

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Jake Womick

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Chris Bail

    (Duke University)

  • Eli J. Finkel

    (Northwestern University)

  • Hahrie Han

    (Johns Hopkins University)

  • John Sarrouf

    (Essential Partners)

  • Juliana Schroeder

    (University of California)

  • Paschal Sheeran

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Jay J. Bavel

    (New York University)

  • Robb Willer

    (Stanford University)

  • Kurt Gray

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

Abstract

Rising partisan animosity is associated with a reduction in support for democracy and an increase in support for political violence. Here we provide a multi-level review of interventions designed to reduce partisan animosity, which we define as negative thoughts, feelings and behaviours towards a political outgroup. We introduce the TRI framework to capture three levels of intervention—thoughts (correcting misconceptions and highlighting commonalities), relationships (building dialogue skills and fostering positive contact) and institutions (changing public discourse and transforming political structures)—and connect these levels by highlighting the importance of motivation and mobilization. Our review encompasses both interventions conducted as part of academic research projects and real-world interventions led by practitioners in non-profit organizations. We also explore the challenges of durability and scalability, examine self-fulfilling polarization and interventions that backfire, and discuss future directions for reducing partisan animosity.

Suggested Citation

  • Rachel Hartman & Will Blakey & Jake Womick & Chris Bail & Eli J. Finkel & Hahrie Han & John Sarrouf & Juliana Schroeder & Paschal Sheeran & Jay J. Bavel & Robb Willer & Kurt Gray, 2022. "Interventions to reduce partisan animosity," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 6(9), pages 1194-1205, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nathum:v:6:y:2022:i:9:d:10.1038_s41562-022-01442-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41562-022-01442-3
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    Cited by:

    1. Minson, Julia A. & Bendersky, Corinne & de Dreu, Carsten & Halperin, Eran & Schroeder, Juliana, 2023. "Experimental studies of conflict: Challenges, solutions, and advice to junior scholars," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    2. Ximeng Fang & Sven Heuser & Lasse S. Stötzer, 2023. "How In-Person Conversations Shape Political Polarization: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from a Nationwide Initiative," ECONtribute Discussion Papers Series 270, University of Bonn and University of Cologne, Germany.

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