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Brain region-specific gain modulation of place cells by VIP neurons

Author

Listed:
  • Nora Lenkey

    (University of Oslo)

  • Anna Christina Garvert

    (University of Oslo)

  • Máté Neubrandt

    (University of Oslo)

  • Birgit Kriener

    (University of Oslo)

  • Koen Vervaeke

    (University of Oslo)

Abstract

Gain modulation allows neurons to dynamically adjust their responsiveness to inputs without changing selectivity. While well-characterized in sensory areas, its role in higher-order brain regions governing spatial navigation and memory is unclear. Here, we used all-optical methods in mice performing a spatial task to demonstrate that vasoactive-intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing neurons selectively control the gain of place cells and other cell types in the retrosplenial cortex (RSC) through disinhibition. Optogenetic manipulation revealed that this disinhibition, while broadly affecting network activity, selectively amplifies in-field place cell activity, improving spatial coding accuracy. In contrast, VIP neurons in the hippocampus have minimal impact on place field gain. Notably, simulations indicate that the benefit of gain modulation for RSC place cells is large compared to hippocampal place cells due to their much higher out-of-field activity and, therefore, lower signal-to-noise ratio. Here, we show an area-specific VIP-mediated gain control, enhancing spatial coding and, potentially, memory formation.

Suggested Citation

  • Nora Lenkey & Anna Christina Garvert & Máté Neubrandt & Birgit Kriener & Koen Vervaeke, 2025. "Brain region-specific gain modulation of place cells by VIP neurons," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-60679-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60679-4
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