IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nat/natcom/v16y2025i1d10.1038_s41467-025-60398-w.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Asian summer monsoon variability across Termination II and implications for ice age terminations

Author

Listed:
  • Yijia Liang

    (Nanjing Normal University
    Nantong University)

  • Kan Zhao

    (Nanjing Normal University)

  • Yongjin Wang

    (Nanjing Normal University)

  • Shitao Chen

    (Nanjing Normal University)

  • Tyler E. Huth

    (Washington University
    University of Michigan)

  • Bin Zhao

    (Nanjing Normal University)

  • Quan Wang

    (Ningbo Polytechnic)

  • Zhenqiu Zhang

    (Nanjing Normal University)

  • Qingfeng Shao

    (Nanjing Normal University)

  • Hai Cheng

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • R. Lawrence Edwards

    (University of Minnesota)

Abstract

The detailed anatomy of Termination I (TI) is well depicted, but whether changes across Termination II (TII) resemble TI remains controversial. Here we present high-resolution Asian monsoon records covering TII using Shima Cave stalagmites from China. Correlating marine and ice-core records to our U/Th-dated records via millennial-scale variabilities, we find an initial CO2 rise from 139 ± 1 ka BP concordant with boreal summer insolation increase, which was followed by a major rise phase of CO2 between 135.7 ± 1 and 129 ± 1 ka BP. The major rise phases of CO2 were comparable during TI and TII, but the initial CO2 rise before TII was distinct from CO2 behavior before TI, likely forced by the Earth’s internal variabilities, in particular an ice-sheet collapse event and a 50% reduction in southern hemisphere dust flux. Here, we show that ~4000–5000-year-long gradual changes in CO2, along with insolation rise, preconditioned glacial terminations, supporting the “tipping point” theory.

Suggested Citation

  • Yijia Liang & Kan Zhao & Yongjin Wang & Shitao Chen & Tyler E. Huth & Bin Zhao & Quan Wang & Zhenqiu Zhang & Qingfeng Shao & Hai Cheng & R. Lawrence Edwards, 2025. "Asian summer monsoon variability across Termination II and implications for ice age terminations," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-60398-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60398-w
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-60398-w
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1038/s41467-025-60398-w?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-60398-w. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.nature.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.