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Acute regulation of murine adipose tissue lipolysis and insulin resistance by the TGFβ superfamily protein GDF3

Author

Listed:
  • Nagasuryaprasad Kotikalapudi

    (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School)

  • Deepti Ramachandran

    (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School)

  • Daniel Vieira

    (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School)

  • William B. Rubio

    (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School)

  • Gregory R. Gipson

    (University of Cincinnati College of Medicine)

  • Luca Troncone

    (Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School)

  • Kylie Vestal

    (University of Cincinnati College of Medicine)

  • David E. Maridas

    (Harvard School of Dental Medicine)

  • Vicki Rosen

    (Harvard School of Dental Medicine)

  • Paul B. Yu

    (Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School)

  • Thomas B. Thompson

    (University of Cincinnati College of Medicine)

  • Alexander S. Banks

    (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School)

Abstract

TGFβ superfamily proteins can affect cellular differentiation, thermogenesis, and fibrosis in mammalian adipose tissue. Here we describe a role for Growth Differentiation Factor 3 (GDF3) on mature adipocyte biology. We find inducible GDF3 loss of function in obese adult mice leads to reduced lipolysis, improved glucose tolerance, and reduced glycemic variability. The effects on lipolysis are driven by lower levels of β3-adrenergic receptor, decreased cAMP and PKA signaling. GDF3 is an ALK5, ALK7, ACVR2A and ACVR2B agonist and also a BMPR2 antagonist. Unlike ALK7 or activin E knockouts, acute GDF3 loss of function does not affect body weight or energy balance but significantly improves metabolic health. These results suggest that blocking GDF3 can improve metabolic health independent of body weight and food intake, an intriguing new model for developing anti-diabetic therapies. Together these results provide much-needed clarity to both the molecular pathways involved in GDF3 signaling and its physiological effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Nagasuryaprasad Kotikalapudi & Deepti Ramachandran & Daniel Vieira & William B. Rubio & Gregory R. Gipson & Luca Troncone & Kylie Vestal & David E. Maridas & Vicki Rosen & Paul B. Yu & Thomas B. Thomp, 2025. "Acute regulation of murine adipose tissue lipolysis and insulin resistance by the TGFβ superfamily protein GDF3," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-20, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-59673-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59673-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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