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Climate-driven succession in marine microbiome biodiversity and biogeochemical function

Author

Listed:
  • Alyse A. Larkin

    (University of California)

  • Melissa L. Brock

    (University of California)

  • Adam J. Fagan

    (University of California)

  • Allison R. Moreno

    (University of California
    University of California)

  • Skylar D. Gerace

    (University of California)

  • Lauren E. Lees

    (University of California)

  • Stacy A. Suarez

    (University of California)

  • Emiley A. Eloe-Fadrosh

    (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

  • Adam C. Martiny

    (University of California
    University of California)

Abstract

Seasonal and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) warming result in similar ocean changes as predicted with climate change. Climate-driven environmental cycles have strong impacts on microbiome diversity, but impacts on microbiome function are poorly understood. Here we quantify changes in microbial genomic diversity and functioning over 11 years covering seasonal and ENSO cycles at a coastal site in the southern California Current. We observe seasonal oscillations between large-genome lineages during cold, nutrient rich conditions in winter and spring versus small-genome lineages, including Prochlorococcus and Pelagibacter, in summer and fall. Parallel interannual changes separate communities depending on ENSO condition. Biodiversity shifts translate into clear oscillations in microbiome functional potential. Ocean warming induced an ecosystem with less iron but more macronutrient stress genes, depressed organic carbon degradation potential and biomass, and elevated carbon-to-nutrient biomass ratios. The consistent microbial response observed across time-scales points towards large climate-driven changes in marine ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles.

Suggested Citation

  • Alyse A. Larkin & Melissa L. Brock & Adam J. Fagan & Allison R. Moreno & Skylar D. Gerace & Lauren E. Lees & Stacy A. Suarez & Emiley A. Eloe-Fadrosh & Adam C. Martiny, 2025. "Climate-driven succession in marine microbiome biodiversity and biogeochemical function," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-59382-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59382-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ryan F. Heneghan & Jacinta Holloway-Brown & Josep M. Gasol & Gerhard J. Herndl & Xosé Anxelu G. Morán & Eric D. Galbraith, 2024. "The global distribution and climate resilience of marine heterotrophic prokaryotes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Thomas J. Browning & Mak A. Saito & Shungudzemwoyo P. Garaba & Xuechao Wang & Eric P. Achterberg & C. Mark Moore & Anja Engel & Matthew R. Mcllvin & Dawn Moran & Daniela Voss & Oliver Zielinski & Ales, 2023. "Persistent equatorial Pacific iron limitation under ENSO forcing," Nature, Nature, vol. 621(7978), pages 330-335, September.
    3. Yi-Chun Yeh & Jed A. Fuhrman, 2022. "Effects of phytoplankton, viral communities, and warming on free-living and particle-associated marine prokaryotic community structure," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Michael T. Burrows & Amanda E. Bates & Mark J. Costello & Martin Edwards & Graham J. Edgar & Clive J. Fox & Benjamin S. Halpern & Jan G. Hiddink & Malin L. Pinsky & Ryan D. Batt & Jorge García Molinos, 2019. "Ocean community warming responses explained by thermal affinities and temperature gradients," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 9(12), pages 959-963, December.
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