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Hydrodynamic spin-orbit coupling in asynchronous optically driven micro-rotors

Author

Listed:
  • Alvin Modin

    (New York University
    Johns Hopkins University)

  • Matan Yah Zion

    (New York University
    Tel Aviv University)

  • Paul M. Chaikin

    (New York University)

Abstract

Vortical flows of rotating particles describe interactions ranging from molecular machines to atmospheric dynamics. Yet to date, direct observation of the hydrodynamic coupling between artificial micro-rotors has been restricted by the details of the chosen drive, either through synchronization (using external magnetic fields) or confinement (using optical tweezers). Here we present a new active system that illuminates the interplay of rotation and translation in free rotors. We develop a non-tweezing circularly polarized beam that simultaneously rotates hundreds of silica-coated birefringent colloids. The particles rotate asynchronously in the optical torque field while freely diffusing in the plane. We observe that neighboring particles orbit each other with an angular velocity that depends on their spins. We derive an analytical model in the Stokes limit for pairs of spheres that quantitatively explains the observed dynamics. We then find that the geometrical nature of the low Reynolds fluid flow results in a universal hydrodynamic spin-orbit coupling. Our findings are of significance for the understanding and development of far-from-equilibrium materials.

Suggested Citation

  • Alvin Modin & Matan Yah Zion & Paul M. Chaikin, 2023. "Hydrodynamic spin-orbit coupling in asynchronous optically driven micro-rotors," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-39582-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39582-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Naomi Oppenheimer & David B. Stein & Matan Yah Ben Zion & Michael J. Shelley, 2022. "Hyperuniformity and phase enrichment in vortex and rotor assemblies," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    2. Christian Scholz & Michael Engel & Thorsten Pöschel, 2018. "Publisher Correction: Rotating robots move collectively and self-organize," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-2, December.
    3. Debarghya Banerjee & Anton Souslov & Alexander G. Abanov & Vincenzo Vitelli, 2017. "Odd viscosity in chiral active fluids," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-12, December.
    4. Tzer Han Tan & Alexander Mietke & Junang Li & Yuchao Chen & Hugh Higinbotham & Peter J. Foster & Shreyas Gokhale & Jörn Dunkel & Nikta Fakhri, 2022. "Odd dynamics of living chiral crystals," Nature, Nature, vol. 607(7918), pages 287-293, July.
    5. Christian Scholz & Michael Engel & Thorsten Pöschel, 2018. "Rotating robots move collectively and self-organize," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-8, December.
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