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Global genomic analyses of wheat powdery mildew reveal association of pathogen spread with historical human migration and trade

Author

Listed:
  • Alexandros G. Sotiropoulos

    (University of Zurich)

  • Epifanía Arango-Isaza

    (University of Zurich)

  • Tomohiro Ban

    (Yokohama City University)

  • Chiara Barbieri

    (University of Zurich
    Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology)

  • Salim Bourras

    (University of Zurich
    Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Christina Cowger

    (North Carolina State University)

  • Paweł C. Czembor

    (Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute)

  • Roi Ben-David

    (Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO-Volcani Center)

  • Amos Dinoor

    (The Hebrew University of Jerusalem)

  • Simon R. Ellwood

    (Curtin University)

  • Johannes Graf

    (University of Zurich)

  • Koichi Hatta

    (National Agricultural Research Organization, Sapporo)

  • Marcelo Helguera

    (Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), INTA)

  • Javier Sánchez-Martín

    (University of Zurich)

  • Bruce A. McDonald

    (Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich)

  • Alexey I. Morgounov

    (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

  • Marion C. Müller

    (University of Zurich)

  • Vladimir Shamanin

    (Omsk State Agrarian University)

  • Kentaro K. Shimizu

    (University of Zurich
    Yokohama City University)

  • Taiki Yoshihira

    (Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu)

  • Helen Zbinden

    (University of Zurich)

  • Beat Keller

    (University of Zurich)

  • Thomas Wicker

    (University of Zurich)

Abstract

The fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici causes wheat powdery mildew disease. Here, we study its spread and evolution by analyzing a global sample of 172 mildew genomes. Our analyses show that B.g. tritici emerged in the Fertile Crescent during wheat domestication. After it spread throughout Eurasia, colonization brought it to America, where it hybridized with unknown grass mildew species. Recent trade brought USA strains to Japan, and European strains to China. In both places, they hybridized with local ancestral strains. Thus, although mildew spreads by wind regionally, our results indicate that humans drove its global spread throughout history and that mildew rapidly evolved through hybridization.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexandros G. Sotiropoulos & Epifanía Arango-Isaza & Tomohiro Ban & Chiara Barbieri & Salim Bourras & Christina Cowger & Paweł C. Czembor & Roi Ben-David & Amos Dinoor & Simon R. Ellwood & Johannes Gr, 2022. "Global genomic analyses of wheat powdery mildew reveal association of pathogen spread with historical human migration and trade," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-31975-0
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31975-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Cited by:

    1. Alice Feurtey & Cécile Lorrain & Megan C. McDonald & Andrew Milgate & Peter S. Solomon & Rachael Warren & Guido Puccetti & Gabriel Scalliet & Stefano F. F. Torriani & Lilian Gout & Thierry C. Marcel &, 2023. "A thousand-genome panel retraces the global spread and adaptation of a major fungal crop pathogen," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.

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