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Do Employees Work Less for Female Leaders? A Multi-Method Study of Entrepreneurial Firms

Author

Listed:
  • Olenka Kacperczyk

    (Strategy and Entrepreneurship, London Business School, London NW1 6SA, United Kingdom)

  • Peter Younkin

    (Lundquist College of Business, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403)

  • Vera Rocha

    (Department of Strategy and Innovation, Copenhagen Business School, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark)

Abstract

We propose that female-founded ventures receive a lower amount of employee labor for equal pay because employees are more likely to decline requests for additional labor by female founders. First, using longitudinal matched employer-employee data covering all founders of new ventures with personnel in Portugal between 2002 and 2012, we confirm that full-time employees contribute fewer regular hours and less overtime work to female-founded firms. Second, using a series of online experiments, we show that this variation in employee labor across female and male-founded firms is partly motivated by a difference in the employee’s expectations of work demands. Specifically, employees perceive female founders’ requests for additional labor to be unfair and more difficult than expected, and both these perceptions explain the lower amount of employee labor supplied in female-founded ventures. Overall, our findings uncover a novel mechanism that helps explain the existence of a gender gap in entrepreneurship beyond the entry stage.

Suggested Citation

  • Olenka Kacperczyk & Peter Younkin & Vera Rocha, 2023. "Do Employees Work Less for Female Leaders? A Multi-Method Study of Entrepreneurial Firms," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 34(3), pages 1111-1133, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:inm:ororsc:v:34:y:2023:i:3:p:1111-1133
    DOI: 10.1287/orsc.2022.1611
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