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Rich-to-poor diaspora ventures: how do they survive?

Author

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  • Aki Harima
  • Maria Elo
  • Jörg Freiling

Abstract

This paper develops a first conceptual understanding of motivations and success/survival factors of 'rich-to-poor diaspora entrepreneurship (DE)' by focusing on an individual's cultural intelligence and learning ability. Rich-to-poor DE addresses entrepreneurial activities conducted in developing or emerging countries by diasporans originated from developed ones. Despite the growing research interest in the phenomena of DE and its increasing importance for societies and economies, previous researchers have almost solely focused on entrepreneurship by diasporans whose country of origin is an emerging or developing one ('poor-to-rich DE'). This type of DE has been considered to be driven mainly by necessity, an outcome of the lack of financial and economic alternatives in the home country. Evidence from business practice, however, shows the existence and significance of rich-to-poor DE, which is assumed to be more opportunity-driven. The aim of this paper is to clarify the difference between rich-to-poor DE and poor-to-rich DE, and to develop research propositions regarding motivations and success/survival factors of the rich-to-poor type employing cultural intelligence theory (Earley, 2002) and learning theory.

Suggested Citation

  • Aki Harima & Maria Elo & Jörg Freiling, 2016. "Rich-to-poor diaspora ventures: how do they survive?," International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 28(4), pages 391-413.
    • Handle: RePEc:ids:ijesbu:v:28:y:2016:i:4:p:391-413
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Aki Harima, 2014. "Network Dynamics of Descending Diaspora Entrepreneurship: Multiple Case Studies with Japanese Entrepreneurs in Emerging Economies," Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione", vol. 10(4), pages 65-92.
    2. Cat-My Dang & Aki Harima, 2020. "Dual Embeddedness and Entrepreneurial Activities of Second-Generation Ethnic Entrepreneurs: Multiple Case Studies with Vietnamese Entrepreneurs in Germany," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 6(1), pages 84-113, January.
    3. Nerys Fuller-Love & Mofoluke Akiode, 2020. "Transnational Entrepreneurs Dynamics in Entrepreneurial Ecosystems: A Critical Review," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 6(1), pages 41-66, January.
    4. Jana Schmutzler & Veneta Andonova & Jonathan Perez-Lopez, 2021. "The role of diaspora in opportunity-driven entrepreneurial ecosystems: A mixed-methods study of Balkan economies," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 693-729, June.
    5. Cécile Fonrouge & Daniela Bolzani, 2019. "Motivations and barriers to crowdlending as a tool for diasporic entrepreneurial finance," Post-Print halshs-02077559, HAL.
    6. Aki Harima & Thomas Baron, 2020. "Is this Transnational Entrepreneurship? Five Cases in Which It Is Hard to Say ‘Yes’ or ‘No’," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 6(1), pages 12-40, January.

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