Production of Bioflocculant by Chryseomonas Luteola and Its Application in Dye Wastewater Treatment

Inorganic aluminum salts as one of coagulation and flocculation reagent have been generally used for removing the impurities in water and waste water technology. In last a few years, was found that aluminium compounds have been reported as disease carrier for human being. In general, dyes wastewaters with concentrations in the range of 10 - 200 mg/L will be appearing at highly coloured. There are many reports which are mention about the toxic effects of dyes and metals in the form of carcinogenic, genetic effects. Furthermore, direct release of dyes wastewater into the environment is not encouraged due to the high values of un-degradable and degradable organics substances. In this study a bioflocculant was produced from palm oil mill effluent (POME) isolated and found as Chryseomonas luteola. The experiments conduct at optimized culture conditions (at temperature 50oC, duration 1 day), a flocculating activity of 96.15% was demonstrated using kaolin suspension. The result was also showed to be better for flocculation of a kaolin suspension over pH (5-7) and cations (Ca2+) will enhance the flocculating activity. The bioflocculant can be used for treating dye wastewater, and the maximal removal efficiency of turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 38.22% and 33.25%, respectively at pH 7.0 with dosage of culture broth bacteria about 0.2 mL. Besides that, the reduction of turbidity and removal of COD of dye wastewater were conducted using aluminium sulphate (alum). A maximum reduction of turbidity was 97.51% while the removal of COD was 99.64%, were observed with a concentration of 600 mg/L at pH 4.0.