IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ibn/gjhsjl/v16y2024i3p53-66.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Depression, and Drug Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Care in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Author

Listed:
  • Basem Abbas Ahmed Alubaidi
  • Abrar Khalid Ali AlAnsari
  • Dhabia Majed Saleh AlDoseri
  • Amina Ahmed Busaibea
  • Hessa Abdulrahman Aldoseri
  • Hasan Abduljabbar Yusuf Ahmed Husain

Abstract

Depression stands out as the predominant risk factor among Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. Depression and its association with drug adherence in T2DM patients are lacking in Bahrain. The current study aimed to examine the association depression in relation to drug adherence in T2DM in primary care centers in the Kingdom of Bahrain. This was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 455 people with T2DM. Data on demographics, risk behavior, and diabetes details were noted. Measuring tools such as patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) to measure depression severity, and General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) were used to assess medical adherence respectively. Categorical variables and continuous variables were presented in a frequency table and mean ± SD/ Median (Min, Max) respectively. The data was analyzed using SPSS 24.0 software. The statistical significance threshold was set at p=0.05. The study involved participants with an average age of 54.5 ± 11.5 (M±SD) years. The frequency of depression based on PHQ-9 and medical adherence as per GMAS among T2DM patients was 30.5% and 79.1% respectively. There was a significant association between the prevalence of depression and adherence (x2 =25.03; P=0.001). Age (r=-0.121; P= 0.010), education (r=-0.096; P=0.040), family income (r=-0.101; P=0.031), physical activity (r=-0.193; P=0.001), and self-rated diabetes control within the last visit (r=-0.200; P=0.001) were significantly negatively correlated with PHQ – 9 scale. Likewise, age (r=-0.231; p=0.001), education (r=-0.123; p=0.008), nationality (r=-0.185; p=0.001), physical activity (r=-0.108; p=0.021), and self-rated diabetes control within the last visit (r=-0.139; p=0.003) were significantly negatively correlated with the GMAS scale. Our findings suggest that medical adherence is linked to depression. Age, height, education, family income, physical activity, and self-rated diabetes control in the previous visit are all important factors that are correlated to depression and drug adherence.

Suggested Citation

  • Basem Abbas Ahmed Alubaidi & Abrar Khalid Ali AlAnsari & Dhabia Majed Saleh AlDoseri & Amina Ahmed Busaibea & Hessa Abdulrahman Aldoseri & Hasan Abduljabbar Yusuf Ahmed Husain, 2024. "Depression, and Drug Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Care in the Kingdom of Bahrain," Global Journal of Health Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 16(3), pages 53-66, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:ibn:gjhsjl:v:16:y:2024:i:3:p:53-66
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/gjhs/article/download/0/0/49898/53966
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/gjhs/article/view/0/49898
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ibn:gjhsjl:v:16:y:2024:i:3:p:53-66. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Canadian Center of Science and Education (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/cepflch.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.