An Assessment Between Economic Development And Environmental Sustainability In Türki̇ye: The Relationship Between Human Development Index And Energy Consumption

The competitive environment created by the integration of world economies and the idea of high growth at the expense of development have led to the emergence of various problems in the world. In this context, the production structures and development levels of countries have been called into question in terms of their results. The rapid growth processes in the world have caused negative effects such as climate change, air pollution, and global warming, especially on nature and the environment, which has led to increasing concern about future generations. The concept of sustainable development, which was developed due to increasing concerns regarding environmental degradation, supports the idea of a more liveable and sustainable environment by increasing the level of prosperity and living standards of current and future generations. In this context, the relationship between human development and energy consumption in Turkey is evaluated from the perspective of sustainable development and environmental sustainability, based on the worldview of sustainable development. The study utilised data on human development, carbon dioxide emissions, renewable energy production, and fossil fuel consumption—key indicators of sustainable development and environmental sustainability—to conduct a cointegration analysis. According to the cointegration test results, it was concluded that renewable energy consumption and fossil fuel consumption in Turkiye affect the human development index.