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The Impact of Land Use Patterns on Nitrogen Dioxide: A Case Study of Klaipėda City and Lithuanian Resort Areas

Author

Listed:
  • Aistė Andriulė

    (Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, H. Manto Str. 84, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania)

  • Erika Vasiliauskienė

    (Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, H. Manto Str. 84, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania
    Business Faculty, Klaipėdos Valstybinė Kolegija, 91274 Klaipeda, Lithuania)

  • Remigijus Dailidė

    (Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, H. Manto Str. 84, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania)

  • Inga Dailidienė

    (Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, H. Manto Str. 84, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania
    Science of Technology, Lithuanian Business College, 91249 Klaipeda, Lithuania)

Abstract

Urban air pollution remains a significant environmental and public health issue, especially in European coastal cities such as Klaipėda. However, there is still a lack of local-scale knowledge on how land use structure influences pollutant distribution, highlighting the need to address this gap. This study addresses this by examining the spatial distribution of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) concentrations in Klaipėda’s seaport city and several inland and coastal resort towns in Lithuania. The research specifically asks how different land cover types and demographic factors affect NO 2 variability and population exposure risk. Data were collected using passive sampling methods and analyzed within a GIS environment. The results revealed clear air quality differences between industrial/port zones and greener resort areas, confirmed by statistically significant associations between land cover types and pollutant levels. Based on these findings, a Land Use Pollution Pressure index (LUPP) and its population-weighted variant (PLUPP) were developed to capture demographic sensitivity. These indices provide a practical decision-support tool for sustainable urban planning, enabling the assessment of pollution risks and the forecasting of air quality changes under different land use scenarios, while contributing to local climate adaptation and urban environmental governance.

Suggested Citation

  • Aistė Andriulė & Erika Vasiliauskienė & Remigijus Dailidė & Inga Dailidienė, 2025. "The Impact of Land Use Patterns on Nitrogen Dioxide: A Case Study of Klaipėda City and Lithuanian Resort Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-26, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:15:p:6939-:d:1713822
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Aistė Andriulė & Sergej Suzdalev & Erika Vasiliauskienė & Inga Dailidienė, 2025. "Air Pollution and Dispersion of Airborne Chemical Elements in Klaipėda Seaport-City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-23, April.
    2. Susan L. Cutter & Bryan J. Boruff & W. Lynn Shirley, 2003. "Social Vulnerability to Environmental Hazards," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 84(2), pages 242-261, June.
    3. Aistė Andriulė & Erika Vasiliauskienė & Paulius Rapalis & Inga Dailidienė, 2024. "Air Pollution in the Port City of Lithuania: Characteristics of the Distribution of Nitrogen Dioxide and Solid Particles When Assessing the Demographic Distribution of the Population," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-21, September.
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