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Balancing Nature and Visitors for Sustainable Development: Assessing the Tourism Carrying Capacities of Katon-Karagay National Park, Kazakhstan

Author

Listed:
  • Aliya Aktymbayeva

    (Department of Recreational Geography and Tourism, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan)

  • Yeldar Nuruly

    (Department of Recreational Geography and Tourism, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan)

  • Alexandr Artemyev

    (Department of Recreational Geography and Tourism, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan)

  • Aida Kaliyeva

    (Department of Recreational Geography and Tourism, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan)

  • Akmaral Sapiyeva

    (Department of Recreational Geography and Tourism, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan)

  • Zhanna Assipova

    (Department of Recreational Geography and Tourism, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan)

Abstract

Tourism carrying capacity remains pivotal for ensuring sustainable development within protected terrains, accentuating the balance between conservation, socio-economic benefits, and visitor satisfaction. This study delves into the intricate dimensions of this balance, focusing on the Katon-Karagay National Park (KKNP). Merging comprehensive empirical data accrued from fieldwork within the park, calculations surrounding recreational loads, and a synthesis of the relevant literature, the study designed a methodology. This included calculation techniques incorporating ecological and tourist social capacities, the psychocomfort approach, and an ongoing monitoring approach, supplemented by exclusive data from the park’s administration. Key findings underscored the significance of an adaptive balance, revealing specific permissible recreational loads for different park zones. For instance, zones of quiet recreation evidenced up to 5 people/ha, while active recreation zones fluctuated between 20 and 100 people/ha. Monitoring evidenced critical environmental changes, shaping recommendations for effective tourism flow regulation, ensuring alignment with established norms and ecological preservation. The exploration substantiates the indispensability of a meticulously structured approach to ascertain tourism carrying capacity, emphasizing the harmony achievable between environmental sanctity and human pursuits. KKNP’s empirical data serve as a paradigm, guiding sustainable tourism frameworks for similar ecologically sensitive regions.

Suggested Citation

  • Aliya Aktymbayeva & Yeldar Nuruly & Alexandr Artemyev & Aida Kaliyeva & Akmaral Sapiyeva & Zhanna Assipova, 2023. "Balancing Nature and Visitors for Sustainable Development: Assessing the Tourism Carrying Capacities of Katon-Karagay National Park, Kazakhstan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-24, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:22:p:15989-:d:1281085
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Asyma Koshim & Aigul Sergeyeva & Yerkin Kakimzhanov & Aliya Aktymbayeva & Mereke Sakypbek & Akmaral Sapiyeva, 2023. "Sustainable Development of Ecotourism in “Altynemel” National Park, Kazakhstan: Assessment through the Perception of Residents," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-18, May.
    2. Spangenberg, Joachim H. & Bonniot, Odile, 1998. "Sustainability indicators: A compass on the road towards sustainability," Wuppertal Papers 81, Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy.
    3. Ko Koens & Albert Postma & Bernadett Papp, 2018. "Is Overtourism Overused? Understanding the Impact of Tourism in a City Context," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-15, November.
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