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Assessing Land Use and Climate Change Impacts on Soil Erosion Caused by Water in China

Author

Listed:
  • Xuerou Weng

    (School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China)

  • Boen Zhang

    (Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hongkong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

  • Jinxin Zhu

    (School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China)

  • Dagang Wang

    (School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China)

  • Jianxiu Qiu

    (School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China)

Abstract

Soil erosion poses a significant threat to land conservation, freshwater security, and ocean ecology. Climate change, with rainfall as one of its primary drivers, exacerbates this problem. Therefore, reliably predicting future soil erosion rates and taking into account anthropogenic influences are crucial for policymakers and researchers in the earth-system field. To address this challenge, we have developed a novel framework that combines the Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) method with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model to estimate erosion rates on a national scale. We used BMA to merge five Regional Climate Models (RCMs), reducing uncertainty in ensemble simulations and improving the plausibility of projected changes in climatic regimes over China under two Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The RUSLE model was applied to forecast the effects of climate change and land-use change on water erosion in China, using high-resolution climate simulation and prediction inputs. Our findings revealed that under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, average annual soil loss will increase by 21.20% and 33.06%, respectively, compared to the baseline period. Our analysis also demonstrated a clear distinction between the effects of climate change and land-use change on water erosion. Climate change leads to an increase in precipitation, which exacerbates water erosion rates, with contributions ranging from 59.99% to 78.21%. Furthermore, an increase in radiative forcing will further amplify the effects of climate change. The transformation of land from one that has not been disturbed by humans to one that has been exposed to some soil and water conservation measures will have a mitigating effect on water erosion, with a contribution of −6.96% to −4.68%. Therefore, implementing effective soil and water conservation measures can somewhat mitigate the severity of ongoing soil loss. Our findings have significant implications for policymakers seeking to develop national strategies for soil conservation and model developers working to reduce uncertainty in erosion predictions.

Suggested Citation

  • Xuerou Weng & Boen Zhang & Jinxin Zhu & Dagang Wang & Jianxiu Qiu, 2023. "Assessing Land Use and Climate Change Impacts on Soil Erosion Caused by Water in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-16, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:10:p:7865-:d:1144405
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Björn Tetzlaff & Frank Wendland, 2012. "Modelling Sediment Input to Surface Waters for German States with MEPhos: Methodology, Sensitivity and Uncertainty," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(1), pages 165-184, January.
    2. Ephraim Nkonya & Alisher Mirzabaev & Joachim von Braun (ed.), 2016. "Economics of Land Degradation and Improvement – A Global Assessment for Sustainable Development," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-3-319-19168-3, September.
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    2. Manuel Matisic & Marko Reljic & Ivan Dugan & Paulo Pereira & Vilim Filipovic & Lana Filipovic & Vedran Krevh & Igor Bogunovic, 2023. "Mulch and Grass Cover Unevenly Halt Runoff Initiation and Sediment Detachment during the Growing Season of Hazelnut ( Corylus avellana L.) in Croatia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-15, October.

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